Technology assessment: Impact of high-tech engineering research on energy consumption

A technology assessment (TA) program was launched in Switzerland in 1991. One project in the series of pilot projects was meant to assess the impact of so-called LESIT technologies on energy consumption. (LESIT was a priority research program and a German acronym for power electronics, systems and information technology.) In this paper the institutional environment, applied methods and main results of the TA study are summarised. One of the questions that arose was whether it is reasonable to expect a high-tech engineering research program to serve any societal goals other than the more immediate technical and economic goals the research partners in university and industry are accustomed to follow. It was found that without special efforts this expectation was not realistic. Politically desirable goals are best served when enough emphasis, time, and money are given to the process of bringing together research partners from academia and industry who all have a (self-serving) interest in furthering the politically desirable goal and then support their collaboration.     

网络公司价值评估方法的比较研究

网络的出现改变了人们生活和工作的方式,也为这个社会带来了巨大的商机。随着网络公司如雨后春笋般的出现以及网络股在市场中的表现,评估师们面临这样一个问题：如何评估网络公司的价值？网络公司作为一种新的组织形式,在运用传统的价值评估方法对网络公司进行价值评估时遇到了瓶颈。如何正确地看待网络公司的价值这一问题,亟待解决。     

火电项目融资的现金流量风险评价——基于探索图的指标体系

已有关于火电项目风险的研究基本未重点考察现金流量风险。本文从火电项目融资的角度出发,发现现金流量风险的重要性,尝试性地运用复杂科学管理系统思维的工具——探索图,为火电项目的建设期、试生产期和生产运营期分别建立风险评估指标体系,并用动态模糊评价方法确定每期和全过程的现金流量风险程度,为火电项目融资决策提供依据。     

Brentuximab vedotin in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma post-autologous stem cell transplant: a cost-effectiveness analysis in Scotland

Objective: To evaluate cost-effectiveness of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma who have received autologous stem cell transplantation, from a Scottish healthcare payer perspective.

Methods: A Microsoft Excel-based partitioned survival model comprising three health states (progression-free survival [PFS], post-progression survival, and death) was developed. Relevant comparators were chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy (C/R) and C/R with intent to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Data were obtained from the pivotal phase II single-arm trial in 102 patients (SG035-0003; NCT00848926), a systematic literature review and clinical expert opinions (where empirical evidence was unavailable). PFS and overall survival for brentuximab vedotin were estimated using 5-year follow-up data from SG035-0003, and extrapolated using event rates observed for comparator treatments from published survival data. Resource use included drug acquisition and administration; alloSCT; treatment of adverse events; and long-term follow-up. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of uncertainty.

Results: In the base case, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for brentuximab vedotin was £38,769 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) vs C/R, whereas C/R with intent to alloSCT was dominated by brentuximab vedotin. ICERs for brentuximab vedotin generated by the deterministic sensitivity analysis ranged between £32,000–£54,000 per QALY. Including productivity benefits reduced the ICER to £28,881 per QALY.

Limitations: Limitations include lack of comparative data from this single arm study and the heterogeneous population. Inconsistent baseline characteristic reporting across studies prevented complete assessment of heterogeneity and the extent of potential bias in clinical and cost-effectiveness estimates.

Conclusions: Although the base case ICER is above the threshold usually applied in Scotland, it is relatively low compared with other orphan drugs, and lower than the ICER generated using a previous data cut of SG035-0003 that informed a positive recommendation from the Scottish Medicines Consortium, under its decision-making framework for assessment of ultra-orphan medicines.     

运用GAHP法建立研发人员绩效考评体系

本文运用群体层次分析法(GAHP)结合研发人员自身的特点,建立多级研发人员绩效考评体系,运用Hadamard凸组合集结判断矩阵,解决了考评体系制定过程中受决策者主观偏好影响较大,考评指标难以定量描述的问题。并结合该体系在一家企业的应用,说明了其在研发人员绩效考评方面应用的有效性。     

基于村级尺度的农村水贫困评价——以常德澧县梅家港村为例

以WPI为基本框架,结合南方农村社区水资源系统的特点,从水资源状况、供水设施、利用能力、使用效率和环境状况五方面选择24个指标,建立一套南方农村社区水贫困评价指标体系.采用分级打分法量化数据,构建综合指数评价模型,并对湖南澧县梅家港村水贫困水平进行评价.结果表明:梅家港村的WPI指数值为46.567,呈现一定程度的水贫困现象.其水贫困主要表现在水资源使用效率低下、环境状况堪忧以及供水等水利基础设施相对落后等方面.该项研究说明,我国南方自然水资源条件优越的农村地区同样有可能存在不同程度的水贫困问题.     

Probability theory in fuzzy sample spaces

This paper tries to develop a neat and comprehensive probability theory for sample spaces where the events are fuzzy subsets of The investigations are focussed on the discussion how to equip those sample spaces with suitable -algebras and metrics. In the end we can point out a unified concept of random elements in the sample spaces under consideration which is linked with compatible metrics to express random errors. The result is supported by presenting a strong law of large numbers, a central limit theorem and a Glivenko-Cantelli theorem for these kinds of random elements, formulated simultaneously w.r.t. the selected metrics. As a by-product the line of reasoning, which is followed within the paper, enables us to generalize as well as to bring together already known results and concepts from literature.Acknowledgement. The author would like to thank the participants of the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory for the intensive discussion of the paper. Especially he is indebted to Professors Diamond and Höhle whose remarks have helped to get deeper insights into the subject. Additionally, the author is grateful to one anonymous referee for careful reading and valuable proposals which have led to an improvement of the first draft.This paper was presented at the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory, Linz, Austria, February 5–9, 2002.     

黑龙江省农业综合开发评价及发展模式探讨

[目的]发展现代农业是促进我国经济社会快速发展的必然要求,结合当下现代化农业的发展情况,对黑龙江省农业综合开发进行评价,探讨多种农业发展的模式,为加快黑龙江省城镇化进程提供助力,为黑龙江省发展现代农业提供理论依据。[方法]通过实地调查法和文献查阅法对相关的研究内容进行汇总和分析。采用层次分析法(AHP)从基础资源设施、科技应用、生态建设、经济效益、政府管理、农村发展6个方面23个指标对黑龙江省农业综合开发进行评价,结合现代农业发展的趋势和黑龙江省农业业态配置情况,为黑龙江省未来农业发展模式提出建议。[结果]黑龙江省农业综合开发的评价指标体系中,生态建设和经济效益方面的权重值比较大,均为0.281 6;而农村发展、基础资源设施和政府管理水平有待提高。综合来看,黑龙江省农业综合开发整体较好,但是在其他方面存在发展不均衡的现象。[结论]黑龙江省农业综合开发进程良好,在农业发展中,基础资源设施、政府管理水平和农村发展水平都有待提高。今后,政府应该加强管理,重视生态文明建设,优化产业结构,发展"农业+生态"、"农业+旅游"、"农业+产业"等多种农业综合发展模式,促进黑龙江省农业更快速地发展,进而提升黑龙江省整体的城镇化水平。     

虚拟企业核心竞争力的评判研究

虚拟企业是在网络经济时代出现并蓬勃发展的一种形式,具有突出的核心竞争力。识别虚拟企业的核心竞争力,是虚拟企业成功运作的关键一步,可以通过采用模糊数学集合论与层次分析法相结合的模糊综合评价法。通过一个仿真算例,说明该种方法的有效性。     

模糊层次分析法优化BP神经网络的交通冲突预测模型

本文通过全面剖析影响交通冲突的原因,以交通流量、道路几何设计和道路环境三方面的因素建立指标层次结构体系。提出基于模糊层次分析(FAHP)法优化BP神经网络(BPNN)的预测模型,应用于交通冲突预测。