Design of Infiltrating Basin by Soil Storage and Conveyance Capacities

Abstract

Design of storm water storage basins must take both surface infiltrating flow and subsurface seepage flow into consideration. Standing water can result from the condition that the subsurface seepage capacity is less than the surface infiltrating capacity or the basin storage volume exceeds the soil pore volume underneath the basin. To avoid a prolonged draining operation, an infiltrating basin must be designed under the constraints of the soil pore storage capacity before saturation and the soil conveyance capacity after saturation. In this study, the potential flow model is developed to estimate the soil pore storage volume underneath the basin and to predict the conveyance capacity through the saturated soil medium between the basin and the local groundwater table. The potential flow model for infiltrating water flow provides a quantifiable basis to define the soil constraints and to compare various alternatives at the basin site.     

Measuring Production and Irrigation Efficiencies of Rice Farms: Evidence from the Punjab Province,Pakistan

We employ a non‐parametric approach, data envelopment analysis, to estimate the technical and irrigation efficiency of rice farms in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. We use a cross‐sectional dataset of 80 rice growers, including 45 tube‐well owners and 35 water buyers. Mean technical efficiency scores show that tube‐well owners and water buyers are operating at fairly high efficiency levels, indicating that access to technology is not a major constraint. However, irrigation inefficiency is pronounced, with water buyers being more inefficient than tube‐well owners. A bootstrap truncated regression is used to investigate the determinants of technical and irrigation efficiency. We suggest that groundwater management policies should be designed to address efficiency enhancing factors such as knowledge of crop water consumption requirement, better credit opportunities, outreach extension services and training programs.     

一项二语词汇深度知识学习策略的调查

为探讨学习者的学习观念和所采用的学习策略的关系,通过对125名三个不同水平受试者的问卷调查,结果表明:(1)学习者都认为单词需要在用中学,并且能对自己的学习进行有效的管理。(2)不同学历层次学生在策略的使用上也存在着显著的差异。(3)英语专业二年级和四年级的学习者在策略的使用上并没有显著性差异。     

钙镁离子及重碳酸盐对零价铁还原对氯硝基苯的影响

通过间歇式实验,考察了地下水中常见硬度离子Ca2＋、Mg2＋及HCO3-的独立作用和联合作用对零价铁还原对氯硝基苯的影响。实验结果表明,Ca2＋、Mg2＋对零价铁还原对氯硝基苯反应的促进作用不明显。HCO3-浓度为0～100mg/L时可显著提高零价铁还原对氯硝基苯的速率,反应2 h后对氯硝基苯转化率由44.1%升至84.8%;当HCO 3-浓度大于100 mg/L时,促进作用会由于碳酸铁盐类物质的产生而下降。当Ca2＋或Mg2＋与HCO3-共存时,会产生碳酸钙或碳酸镁之类的沉淀物,占据还原位点,不利于反应的进行。当采用零价铁修复地下水氯硝基苯化合物污染时,应考虑地下水硬度的影响。     

Strategies to reduce product proliferation

Major problems associated with product proliferation include higher production, inventory, and record-keeping costs; increased expenses associated with trade promotions and slotting fees; added consumer confusion and stress; and increased susceptibility to stockouts. This article describes how a firm can limit product proliferation without incurring reduced sales or lowering consumer loyalty. An effective product proliferation reduction program needs to be based on several principles: resisting the temptation of asking consumers if a greater assortment is required; classifying goods into consumer behavior-based tiers; using interfunctional product pruning teams; practicing mass customization, where appropriate; placing absolute limits on product choice; and implementing effective strategies for product pruning.     

灌区闸门量水试验研究

为了解决灌区闸门量水公式适用环境苛刻,量水精度偏差大的问题,在量水试验研究中引入自动控制技术,经过负反馈系统调节闸门开度。本文通过大量的数据统计,进行人工智能流态分析,将平均淹没深度与误差建立联系,寻找不同系数下的误差修正方法,同时也依据当前环境状态进行调整,最终将测量误差控制在5%以内。与传统人工调节方法相比,人工智能的引入增强了量水试验的工程应用性,同时提高了水工建筑物量水的灵活性和适用范围。     

岩土参数空间变异性对滑坡滑动深度的影响

在边坡相关的研究中考虑岩土参数的随机性和不确定性,可充分了解岩土参数空间变异性带来的影响.为此,通过随机有限元方法建立二维土性参数随机场,基于Monte Carlo方法构建随机有限元计算程序,进行了8 400组数值模拟实验,运用概率分析方法,通过对比确定性情况下得到的均质边坡滑动面的深度来研究岩土体参数空间变异性对边坡...     

河北省地下水开发利用问题与防治对策

河北省是我国水资源极为缺乏的地区之一,地下水开发利用程度居全国之首.由于地下水开发利用的不合理,产生了一系列资源环境及社会问题.本文将对以上问题做出阐述并从现代水资源管理角度提出防治对策,以促进水资源的可持续发展.     

地下水中硝酸盐污染及修复技术

文章介绍了地下水中硝酸盐污染来源,并阐述了地下水中硝酸盐污染的三种修复技术,即物理化学修复技术、化学修复技术和生物修复技术,同时还回顾了利用这些修复技术治理硝酸盐引发的地下水污染方面的研究成果,最后提出了防治地下水中硝酸盐污染的建议。     

地下水位高度对盾构隧道管片受力的影响

本文旨在以某地铁盾构隧道管片设计为背景,通过ANSYS有限元软件对不同地下水位高度情况下盾构隧道管片受力进行数值模拟,分析地下水位对盾构隧道管片受力的影响。