雾化水流计算模式

本文描述了雾化水流现象并提出了雾化水流的一个计算模型。得出了雾化水流影响领域的各种不同的计算公式和方法。     

面流消能近底紊动流速特性的研究(面流消能试验研究之一)

本文主要论述了面流消能五种典型流态近底紊动流速特性,总结出了近底时均流速和紊动强度沿程变化规律,提出了近底紊动流速可能出现的最大瞬时值及相应位置的计算公式。面流消能工程的下游防冲设计中考虑的主要水力参数之一是,消能段近底流速紊动可能出现的最大瞬时值及其相应的部位,但目前国内外研究成果较少。笔者通过水工模型试验重点研究了面流消能各典型流态近底流速及其紊动纵向分量沿程的变化规律,并提出了计算公式,为优化面流设计提供科学依据。     

代数应力模式的分析解及其在充分发展旋转管流中的应用

本文通过求解雷诺应力在代数应力模式中与平均速度梯度之间的分析关系，研究了代数应力模式在涡旋流动特别是在充分发展旋转管流中存在的内在缺陷，这些缺陷的主要表现为：（１）在不考虑固壁对湍流影响的代数应力模式中，分析解给出Ｗ∝ｒ和ｖｗ＝０的错误结论；（２）若在代数应力模式中考虑固壁对湍流影响，在对称轴上会有ｖ＾２不等于ｗ＾２的非物理解。与诺应力输运模式相比，代数应力模式的缺陷归限结底在于该模式的基本假设不     

A BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION AND ITS NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF POTENTIAL FLOW AROUND SURFACE-IRREGULA-RITIES

In this paper,using complex functional theory,the authors turn the potentialflow around the surface irregularities in a pressure conduit and semi-infinite platforms intoDirichlet problem.Based on Schwarz formula and by the application of Plemelj's formula,theauthors change the problem into the integration of a Cauchy boundary integral equation in theflow plane through the substitution of variables.Using numerical integration,the authors obtainthe velocity distribution and pressure coefficient along surface irregularities and platforms.Thephysical concept of this method is clear,the convergent speed is rapid and the computative effi-ciency is high.The calculated values agree well with the measured results.It is an effective andsimple method in solving potential flow.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRATIFIED FLOW WITH BOTH VERTICAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENT AND VERTICAL SALINITY GRADIENT

Density stratified flow with both the vertical temperature gradient and the verti-cal salinity gradient is simulated numerically, in which turbulent terms are calculated by a sim-plified turbulence stress/flux algebraic model. The feature of stratification and turbulence is de-scribed correctly by the model. The computational results agree well with the experimental data.However, the k-e turbulence model is not so successful.     

世界经济一体化与商业银行发展

随着各个国家经济联系范围不断扩大及各国对外经济准入政策的放宽 ,加之信息技术、网络技术的发展 ,使各国经济融入世界范围的经济一体化格局。国际资本流动速度加快、范围扩大和国际贸易的飞速发展 ,既是世界经济一体化的必然结果 ,也是促进世界经济一体化的重要因素。而这些相互关联的各个方面又同时对各国的银行业产生巨大的影响。本文通过分析当前世界经济一体化的格局、国际贸易的发展状况及国际资本流动趋势 ,研究在此基础上我国商业银行发展面临的机遇和挑战以及应对措施     

尾矿堆场对地下水及其水质影响的联合模拟研究

矿产资源开发利用后的废弃物堆场常处水文地质条件复杂、区域内外边界不规整的地带。为了客观评价堆场渗漏对地下水及其水质的影响,本文提出了适宜于复杂水文地质条件、复杂内外边界条件的地下水与地下水中污染物分布规律联合模拟分析的非构造网格FVM数值模型,通过在某化工行业尾矿堆场渗漏评价的具体应用,取得了很满意的结果。     

丹江口工程大坝加高后的几个水力学问题

依托1∶100水工模型试验成果,重点介绍了丹江口大坝加高后的几个水力学问题如泄流能力、坝面压力特性、河床局部冲刷、下游河道流速流态、泄洪对电厂及航运的影响等.研究显示:大坝加高后泄流能力可满足设计要求,坝下河床冲刷加重,挑距加远,设计洪水22 300 m3/s时坝下冲坑最低点高程为43.0 m,各级泄量冲坑上游坡均缓于临界坡,也略缓于初期工程同级流量冲坑的上游坡;坝下600 m以内为护岸工程重点防护段,岸边流速为5.8～9.8 m/s;泄洪对丹江口电厂影响较小,对自备电站不利影响较为显著;最大通航流量6 200 m3/s时下游引航道口门区流态复杂,水流较混乱.     

Optimal Locations of Groundwater Extractions in Coastal Aquifers

A regional water supply management model for coastal aquifers was developed. One of its outcomes is the definition of the optimized locations for groundwater withdrawal. Such a tool permits the analysis of alternative plans for groundwater extraction and the sustainable use of water resources in a coastal aquifer subject to saltwater intrusion. The principal components are the evolutionary optimization and the analytical/numerical simulation models. The optimization technique looks for the best well locations taking into consideration the economic results and the satisfaction of the societal water demand. However these two concerns are conditioned by trying to control the saltwater intrusion, i.e., preserving the environmental equilibrium. The simulation model uses the governing mathematical equations for groundwater movement to find the interface between freshwater and saltwater. Because of the non-linearity in the system and the possibility of a jumping interface, a security distance was defined. This is a controlling variable which can be set by the decision makers. The model was applied to a typical case with interesting results. For example, diagrams showing the relationship between the location of the wells and the security distance(s) are of importance to the managers. It was also crucial to have an understanding of the tradeoffs between groundwater withdrawals, positions of the wells from the coast line, and the security distance. The model was also applied to a real case in order to relate the extractions, distances and artificial recharge (not presented in this paper).     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRESS-INDUCED SECONDARY FLOWS WITH HYBRID FINITE ANALYTIC METHOD

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