中石油存续公司财务管理模式初探

文章通过综合分析各类影响因素，并借鉴历史经验教训，考虑其现实条件和管理要求，认为中石油存续公司适宜采取集权式财务管理。并从财务机制、财务制度等方面进行改革和创新，制定并实施相关的保证措施，以确保集权式财务管理体制能够有效运行。     

高压脉冲放电处理含氰废水的影响因素探讨

焦化废水中含有大量的氰化物,必须采取有效措施进行去除,传统去除方法运行成本高、操作复杂。提出了用高压毫微秒脉冲产生的非平衡等离子体处理含氰废水的方法,对其影响因素pH值、放电时间、气流量、放电条件等进行了大量的实验研究,结果表明:溶液初始pH值为9.09,放电2 h,放电电压46 kV时氰化物的去除率最高可达93.2%,氰化物质量浓度可降至0.26 mg/L。实验对比了放电与不放电氰化物的去除效果:相同条件下放电后氰化物的去除率大大提高,为焦化废水中氰化物的去除提出了一种新的方法。     

环保型水性上光油的研制与应用

目前，涂布上光技术已被越来越多的印刷厂家所采用，促使上光油的需求量不断上升。经过近几年的努力，我院研制的环保型水性上光油已取得了突破性的进展，完全能够替代溶剂型水性上光油和油性上光油，由于水性上光油具有无毒、无味、透明感强、无有机挥发物（VOC）的排放，成本低、原材料来源广等特点，在使用中能赋予印刷良好的光泽性、耐折性、耐磨性和化学品性，尤其是它所具有的环保性能特别适合食品、药品和烟草等行业包装印刷材料的加工。     

The quality of cooking oil used in informal food processing in Malawi: a preliminary study

A survey was conducted in Lilongwe city urban markets in Malawi, to assess the quality of cooking oil used for frying potato chips. Purposive sampling was performed to come up with respondents who were using vegetable oils. A stratified random sampling was used to select the 32 informal food processors who were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Oil samples were collected from the most commonly used brand of oil. Fifteen respondents were selected and these were divided into three categories of five: those who were not reusing the oil, those who were reusing the oil and those who were preparing potato chips and chicken in the same oil, for chemical analysis. The preliminary results showed that while the majority (59.4%) of the informal food processors discarded the oil after 1 day, 3.1% discarded it after 4 days and another 12.5% after 3 days. A larger proportion of the respondents (40.6%) used the leftover oils at home, 37.5% kept it in oil bottles, 3.1% kept it in plastic papers for reuse the following day. Also, most respondents (57%) indicated dark colour as the sign of oil deterioration, 29% discarded the oil after noticing foam formation while 8.2% and 6.1% said they discarded the oil after noticing a bad smell and food absorbing the oils respectively. A physical observation of the various oils showed that for most of the respondents (34%), the oils were dark brown in colour, in 22%, the oils were slightly dark brown and 16%, the oils were brown. Foam formation was noticed in 13% of the respondents. It was also noted that 91% of the respondents had not been trained or briefed of food quality and safety issues. A chemical analysis of the oils showed high values of free fatty acids (range, 0.84–1.4112 compared with 0.42 in the fresh oil) and peroxide values (range 14.7–16.6 compared with 9.0 in the fresh oil). It may be concluded that the oils being used by the informal food processors in Malawi are of poor quality and so the foods cooked in them may be a health hazard to the consumers and the processors themselves. Although this work in ongoing, it may be recommended at the outset that the health department of the city assemblies should inspect these oils for the good health of the consumers.     

地下水污染修复的活性渗滤墙技术

活性渗滤墙是一种现场修复受污染地下水的新型技术，具有原理简单，施工方便，运行费用低廉等特点，活性渗滤墙垂直于地下水流动方向设置，当地下水流通过活性渗滤墙时，污染物与墙体材料发生化学反应，从而达到环境修复的目的。文中综述了活性渗滤墙技术的修复机理和实际应用，大量研究表明，应用金属铁作为活性渗滤墙材料，可以去除地下水中的重金属以及有机污染物，目前活性渗滤墙已经在世界各地应用，是一种非常有发展前景的环境污染修复技术。     

Understanding the Large Negative Impact of Oil Shocks

This paper offers a plausible explanation for the close link between oil prices and aggregate macroeconomic performance in the 1970s. Although this link has been well documented in the empirical literature, standard economic models are not able to replicate this link when actual oil prices are used to simulate the models. In particular, standard models cannot explain the depth of the recession in 1974–75 and the strong revival in 1976–78 based on the oil price movements in that period. This paper argues that a missing multiplier-accelerator mechanism from standard models may hold the key.     

高浓度焦化废水的预氧化-混凝处理研究

焦化废水成分十分复杂,污染物浓度高,性质非常稳定且水量大,是典型的难降解有机废水。使用H2O2为氧化剂,FeSO4.7H2O为催化剂的Fenton氧化法对钢铁焦化厂废水的终冷水进行了试验研究,氧化处理后用FeCl3为混凝剂对COD,NH3-N,色度及浊度的去除率进行了系统的考查。确定了氧化反应的影响因素和最佳的混凝实验条件。结果表明:当pH值控制在3左右,反应时间为30 min,反应温度为80℃,焦化废水的COD,NH3-N,浊度和色度去除率分别达到了93.1%,96.2%,90.8%和90.2%。     

重金属污染物动态吸附试验及数学模拟

本文采用泥沙动力学中Ｒｏｕｓｅ等人用来研究泥沙浓度沿垂线分布的装置。对泥沙吸附重金属污染物进行了动态模拟。试验分有底泥和无底泥两种情况。研究中发现在Ｒｏｕｓｅ装置的水力、泥沙条件下泥沙吸附重金属污染物达到平衡状态需要６小时以上，由极坐标下的重金属迁移转化数学模型方程，在本文具体试验条件下进行数值求解，计算结果和试验结果合良好，说明数学模型是正确合理的试验是可靠的。计算时依据室内静态试验结果，对动态     

油品测试用规格仪器国产化回眸

指出规格仪器是油品测试方法标准化的基础，总结了油品测试用规格仪器国产化的过程，并对今后的发展方向加以分析。     

面向染料清洁生产和染料废水处理的纳滤技术

综述了纳滤膜对含盐染料溶液的分离原理、纳滤膜的选择、纳滤脱盐浓缩工艺过程与应用研究、纳滤处理染料废水与资源化方面的应用研究、纳滤技术的经济性以及应用过程中膜污染的控制。指出利用纳滤技术改进染料生产工艺是可行的,能够实现染料清洁生产,具有明显的经济效益和环境效益;采用纳滤处理染料废水,浓缩液和透过液可以分开处理,易于资源化,并且有利于染料废水的后继处理,是高浓度高含盐染料废水的一种有效处理方法。