沐若水电站大坝碾压混凝土石粉掺和料应用研究

沐若水电站大坝为全断面碾压混凝土重力坝,因当地人工砂的细度模数小,石粉含量高,为降低工程造价,合理利用资源,减少对环境的污染,对石粉作为掺和料进行了一系列现场试验研究。结果表明,只要采用合适的加工工艺控制人工砂的石粉含量在27%以下,以内含的方式按砂质量3%~4%的石粉作为掺和料配制碾压混凝土,就完全可以满足设计对碾压混凝土各项性能指标的要求。此项成果已成功应用于工程实际,取得了较好的效果。     

THE NATURAL CONVECTION OF AQUIFERS WITH CONSTANT HEAT SOURCES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TEMPERATURE FIELDS

By combining sand tank tests with numerical simulations, this paper studies the temperature fields around constant heat sources to reveal the mechanism of the natural convection and its influence on the temperature fields in the process of energy storage. Using the "24-channel temperature auto acquisition system" developed by our research group in the tests, the temperatures are recorded at measuring points within the research area in the tests, the revised Brinkman equation and a transfer-convection balance model are used for solving the aquifer water-thermal coupling problems, and through comparison of the test results with the calcula- tion results, it is discovered that the influence ranges and the variations of the two temperature fields are consistent, which validates the mathematical model. On the basis of this, we also study the influences of the heat source positions and the boundary conditions on the temperature fields, and the results show that, under the natural convection, the heat source positions may influence the distri- bution of the temperature fields, thus affect the energy storage. For the same energy storage layer, the temperature field for the top energy storage is characterized by a smaller heat influence range and a relatively concentrated temperature distribution. However, when the heat source is at the bottom, the range of a temperature field, and the temperature is relatively dispersed, which is not favorable to heat recycle, with the same heat source position, the boundary conditions determine the size of the critical Rayleigh number, and thus have an influence on the occurrence and the strength of the natural convection, and accordingly, on the temperature fields.     

南四湖表层底泥重金属空间分布及污染程度评价

测试南四湖湖区29个表层底泥中重金属Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn和类金属As的质量比,得到南四湖湖区重金属污染的空间分布特征。结合地质积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法,对南四湖重金属污染程度进行评价。结果表明,南四湖已受到重金属元素的污染,属于中等程度污染湖泊,其中以As、Hg、Cd、Pb元素污染严重。除了As、Cd元素在下级湖表层底泥中的质量比略高外,其他重金属元素在上级湖的污染程度普遍比在下级湖的高;二级坝以北的昭阳湖湖区潜在生态危害最为严重,其次是南阳湖、微山湖、独山湖和二级坝以南的昭阳湖湖区。     

桃林口水库降水径流变化特征分析

受气候条件变化及人类活动的影响,近年来桃林口水库降水径流特征发生了显著变化。根据Mann-Kendall检验法对流域内典型测站降水径流的时空变化特征进行分析,结果表明,桃林口水库降水过程具有显著的下降趋势,且降水中心有向中上游流域转移的趋势;加之进入20世纪70年代以来,人类活动的加剧,导致入库水资源量显著减少。     

设计洪水估计值的抽样误差分析与应用

在设计洪水估计值的抽样误差分析中,采用B值诺模图方法估计均方误差简单易用。文章对在水电工程中经常采用的P-Ⅲ型经验适线法估计的设计洪水成果如何借助优化适线法参数来估算设计洪水值的抽样误差进行了分析说明。不同的优化适线法会得到不同的诺模系数B,估算设计洪水估计值的抽样误差时,选用某一准则的优化适线要使用相应的诺模系数B值。并分别对实测洪水的连序系列及含历史洪水的不连序系列资料进行了应用分析。     

基于概率模型的随机裂隙优势产状取值

随机裂隙是广泛存在于岩体中的一种规模较小的结构面,由于其发育的随机性,故其产状、规模等结构面性质难于确定。但是,大量研究表明,同一地区相同地质环境下发育的随机裂隙,其结构面性质存在一定的统计规律。利用建立概率模型的方法,对某花岗岩地区水电站左岸坝基随机裂隙组的优势产状取值进行了探讨。通过建立概率模型所绘制出的概率曲线进行研究发现,相对于简单的求样本的算数平均值,取概率曲线峰值点所对应的数值为一组裂隙最佳产状更为合理。     

铸铁的脆性分析

本文通过灰口铸铁的拉抻实验、压缩实验、扭转实验,用材料力学的分析方法,对灰口铸铁的极限应力,即拉伸极限应力σ_L,压缩极限应力σ_y 以及剪切极限应力τ的比较,得出脆性材料灰口铸铁的脆性特征为σ_L<τ<σ_y。     

Measuring abnormal daily trading volume for samples of NYSE/ASE and NASDAQ securities using parametric and nonparametric test statistics

We extend prior research on the empirical properties of daily trading volume and methods to detect abnormal trading volume in two ways. We compare the performance of a nonparametric test statistic with the parametric test statistic used in prior research and we study samples of NASDAQ securities as well as samples of NYSE/ASE securities. Prior research has focused exclusively on NYSE securities. We find the nonparametric test statistic is more powerful in detecting abnormal trading volume than the parametric test statistic in both samples of NYSE/ASE and NASDAQ securities. We also document that abnormal trading volume will be detected more often in samples of NYSE/ASE securities compared to NASDAQ securities.     

高聚物布袋注浆桩成桩规律试验研究

高聚物布袋注浆桩是针对既有建筑物地基加固工程而开发的一种新型地基加固技术.为探讨该新技术对既有建筑物地基加固工程的适用性,通过不同密度及不同分层情况土体中的注浆成桩试验,研究了高聚物布袋注浆桩的施工工艺、成桩规律和加固效果等内容.试验结果表明:高聚物布袋桩挤密土体效果明显,成桩后桩径可达到2～3倍预钻孔直径;在相同注浆...     

鄱阳湖枯水期水体主要污染物时空分布差异（性）研究

系统分析了鄱阳湖2015年度枯水期主湖体、五河入口、湖口过江水道、赣江下游主河道和南昌市周边湿地表层水体中总氮、总磷、汞、铜、锌、铅、镉等几种污染物的含量,结果表明:①2015年度鄱阳湖枯水期水体中总氮、总磷和铜的平均浓度分别为3.145 mg/L、0.121 mg/L和0.089 mg/L,总体偏高;②汞、铅、锌、镉的平均浓度为5.932×10-4 mg/L、0.408mg/L、0.0645 mg/L和4.516×10-2 mg/L;③总氮、总磷和铜在空间分布上存在差异性,表现为饶河河口、吴城望湖亭和湖口等区域的污染情况较为严重,南矶山碟形湖的污染程度最轻.