再论小浪底水库的库底清理

库底清理是水库淹没处理的重要环节 ,其结果将会直接影响和决定水库蓄水后的水环境质量。因此提出在小浪底水库库底清理中 ,充分利用黄河多泥沙的特点 ,对硫磺窑窑衬采取低洼处就地填埋方式进行库底特殊处理是安全可行和科学经济的。     

鄱阳湖淹没范围、水深和库容的遥感研究

鄱阳湖湿地是国际重要湿地,也是长江的主要蓄洪区,研究鄱阳湖淹没范围、淹没水深和库容对长江流域水文和湿地保护都有重要意义。通过对13个时相的Landsat卫星遥感影像进行非监督分类提取湖泊水体淹没范围,叠加鄱阳湖区地形图,获取水体边界的水位,通过空间内插计算鄱阳湖水位空间分布,进一步计算水深空间分布和库容量,在此基础上,根据鄱阳湖都昌水文站观测水位,计算鄱阳湖水位-面积曲线和水位-库容曲线。结果表明:鄱阳湖水位存在高水位时空间一致性,低水位时水位存在较大的空间差异,湖泊水位差可达到5 m;水位-淹没面积曲线和水位-库容曲线分别可以由对数方程和二次曲线方程拟合。     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TIDAL CURRENT AROUND HARBOR ENTRANCE

A three-dimensional (3-D) numerical model is established to investigate the tidal current motion characteristics around the harbor entrance. Computational approaches consist of the finite difference method, time-splitting technique, C-grid, and a high-order turbulence closure model. The Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) inundation scheme is incorporated in the model. An engineering application, Lianyungang Harbor, China, is used as a real-life case. The model is validated by showing that the simulated results agree well with the field data. In the approach channel, the tidal current shows a deflection effect especially in the bottom layer. As for Lianyungang Harbor, a jet flow forms at the tip of the northern breakwater, which drives a circulation flow at the inner side of the harbor entrance. In the vertical, the flow is significantly stratified at the entrance section within the channel, where the flow direction varies between layers and the speed distribution is quite uniform. These 3-D features become less evident to the offshore. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the flow deflection is related to the channel depth. Simulation results also imply that the siltation rate at the entrance section of the approach channel tends to be more uniform by the 3-D flow motion feature, and could be more significant with the increase of the channel depth.     

农田洪灾淹没损失评估模型研究

洪灾损失评估是防洪减灾非工程措施的重要内容。针对农作物洪灾风险评估的研究,以辽宁省法库县三面船等村镇农作物评估为例,选取有代表性的农作物水稻、玉米作为损失评估的研究对象,利用多因素参数统计模型进行洪灾易损性建模分析,绘制相应易损性曲线,借助ArcGIS软件对淹没水深进行分层,根据易损性评估模型进行损失评估计算,为政府和...     

太湖流域大尺度洪涝淹没仿真模型的建立及应用

利用DEM数据及GIS空间分析技术构建洪涝淹没分析模块,将圩区概化为"零维调蓄单元",实现圩区的精细化模拟,与细化后的太湖流域水文水动力学模型耦合,建立能够可靠模拟太湖流域洪涝淹没状态的数学模型.选择2016年流域性暴雨洪涝资料进行模拟验证,与代表站实测水位及实际洪涝灾情分布对比表明,构建的洪涝淹没仿真模型可靠有效.针...