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31.
Marcela Brugnach Andrew Tagg Florian Keil Wim J. de Lange 《Water Resources Management》2007,21(7):1075-1090
The use of computer models offers a general and flexible framework that can help to deal with some of the complexities and
difficulties associated with the development of water management plans as prescribed by the Water Framework Directive. However,
despite the advantages modelling presents, the integration of information derived from models into policy is far away from
being trivial or the norm. Part of the difficulties of this integration is rooted in the lack of confidence policy makers
have on the incorporation of modelling information into policy formulation. In this paper we examine the reasons for this
apparent lack of confidence and explore how some tools, presently in use, address this problem. We conclude that public confidence
in models is highly dependent on the way uncertainties are addressed and suggest possible directions of action to improve
the current situation. Four real case studies illustrate how computer models have been used in The Netherlands for carrying
out management plans at regional and national scale. We suggest that the solution to integrate modelling information into
policy formulation lies on both the modelling and the policy-making communities. 相似文献
32.
通信网络设计是数字化变电站系统设计的核心内容之一,直接关系到数据传输的实时性和变电站各种功能的实现。文中提出了利用网络仿真平台对变电站通信网络进行设计的构想,分析了在数字化变电站不同的发展阶段,通信网络设计的主要内容和网络仿真平台的主要功能及意义,介绍了其结构和仿真流程,重点讨论了仿真模型、仿真内核、通信分析器等开发过程中需要解决的几个关键问题。 相似文献
33.
34.
Li Wei College of water conservancy Hydropower Engineering Wuhan Univerity Wuhan ChinaChen Wen-xue Xie Sheng-zong China Institute of Water Resources Hydropower Research Beijing China 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2002,14(4)
1 . INTRODUCTIONTheturbulentstructuresinnon circularductsandopenchannelsarecharacterizedbylongitudi nalvortices .Thesevorticesareth 相似文献
35.
节理岩体的代表单元集合体模型及弹性参数预测 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文明确提出了节理岩体“代表单元集合体”的概念和模型,通过对节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”进行数值模拟,研究了节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”的变形特性,建立了节理岩体的弹性模型,提出了预测节理岩体宏观等效弹性参数的计算机模拟方法,并将其应用于岩体工程稳定性分析中。 相似文献
36.
37.
本文针对电子商务条件下现代物流的新特点和我国物流现状,提出在新的条件下选择适合我国国情的物流模式,即综合物流代理模式。它是由一家在物流管理经验、人才和技术上均有一定优势的企业通过建立一个综合物流代理的管理体系,对电子商务交易中供求双方的所有物流活动进行全权代理的业务活动模式。 相似文献
38.
Brigitte Eierle 《Accounting, Business & Financial History》2005,15(3):279-315
Based on a contingent perspective of accounting change, this paper reviews the historical development of differential reporting in Germany, by drawing on primary and secondary sources. The main objective of the paper is to shed light on the driving forces and main influential parameters that have shaped the existing differential reporting framework. This historical approach supplies interesting insights for the current discussion on differential reporting in Germany produced by the EU Regulation on the application of International Accounting Standards. 相似文献
39.
Using generalized impulse response functions, this study tests for the trade J‐curve for three transitional central European countries – the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland – in their bilateral trade with respect to Germany. Our findings suggest that for each country there are some characteristics associated with a J‐curve effect: after a (real or nominal) depreciation the export‐to‐import ratio briefly drops to below its initial value within a few months and then rises to a long run equilibrium value higher than the initial one. 相似文献
40.
Backtesting Value-at-Risk: A Duration-Based Approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Financial risk model evaluation or backtesting is a key partof the internal model's approach to market risk management aslaid out by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision. However,existing backtesting methods have relatively low power in realisticsmall sample settings. Our contribution is the exploration ofnew tools for backtesting based on the duration of days betweenthe violations of the Value-at-Risk. Our Monte Carlo resultsshow that in realistic situations, the new duration-based testshave considerably better power properties than the previouslysuggested tests. 相似文献