向家坝水电站混凝土生产系统的废水处理实践

为降低混凝土生产系统废水中悬浮物的浓度,向家坝水电站采用高效旋流净化器与橡胶真空带式过滤机建设了一套废水处理设施,对4套混凝土生产系统的废水统一收集处理.运行效果分析表明,处理后废水的悬浮物浓度低于国家排放标准,污泥达到清运要求.向家坝水电站混凝土生产系统的废水处理实践为水电工程生产废水处理开辟了一条新途径.     

浮选柱法在含油废水处理中的应用

气浮法是用于处理含油污水的一种非常有效的方法。与其他的物理化学方法相比较,浮选柱法处理含油废水具有优势。同时该文提出了浮选柱法处理含油废水的技术路线和常见问题。     

SBR运行模式优化研究

采用SBR工艺,按照短时进水—厌氧—曝气—缺氧—沉淀—排水—闲置的运行方式对某校园废水进行了单因素试验及正交试验,确定最佳运行模式为厌氧80 min—曝气4 h—缺氧1 h—沉淀0.5 h,该运行模式下CODCr、NH3-N及TP的去除率分别为90.12%5、5.16%、92.45%,较原来传统SBR运行模式得到很大改善。     

信息技术(IT)能力与组织结构以及组织效益的关系研究——基于国内企业的实证分析

论文以国内企业为研究对象,通过研究组织结构与信息技术(IT)能力之间的关系以及IT能力对组织效益的影响,以明确适合发展IT能力的组织结构类型以及发展IT能力的价值所在。文章在对相关领域已有的研究作了综述的基础上指出,是信息技术(IT)能力而非仅信息技术(IT)本身对企业效益产生影响。文章接着提出相关假设并进行实证分析,研究结论显示,在中国企业中,组织结构有机化程度与IT能力之间呈正相关关系,企业的IT能力与组织效益呈正相关关系。有关研究资料来源于中国大陆的137家企业。     

DIEL CHANGES OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER IN STREAMS OF VARYING WATERSHED LAND USE

We examined diel changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) under summer low‐flow conditions for six streams selected across a gradient of agricultural land use intensity (21%–73% cropland). Trends in concentration [dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration] and optical properties of DOM showed a high degree of synchrony. During a 24‐h period, DOC changed by between 2.9 and 4.3 mg L^?1. For all sites, the highest DOC was observed during dark periods and the lowest concentration during light periods. DOM sampled during daylight hours was more complex (humic) as determined using specific absorbance. DOM source, measured using fluorescence spectroscopy, usually varied during the 24‐h period, but few similarities in temporal fluorescence trends were identified between sites. Human landscape alterations appear to have little direct influence on the temporal nature of diel DOM dynamics in our study region. However, our results indicate that landscape characteristics are likely more broadly important in defining the magnitude temporal change in DOC. Woodland areas were negatively correlated with early afternoon DOC (r² = 0.89, p = 0.005), positively correlated with diel percent change in DOC (r² = 0.87, p = 0.007) and positively with diel change in discharge (r² = 0.64, p = 0.054). Together, these results indicate the likely influence of differing riparian transpiration rates and changing subsurface inputs on DOC loading. Reduced DOC and discharge rates during daylight hours resulted in a mean underestimation of DOC export rate by 61% for early afternoon versus early morning sampling. Variation in the dominant source of DOM entering theses streams was strongly related to agricultural land use, and DOM in high cropland streams was more microbially derived. In addition, high cropland streams also exhibited the lowest minimum dissolved oxygen concentrations, a pattern related to high rates of productivity at these sites. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

橡胶制品工业污水处理工艺设计

橡胶制品工业生产中的污水回用及排放不达标加剧了生态环境状况的日益恶化,本文针对不同水质特性采用生物接触氧化、组合沉淀、消毒、絮凝等工艺对污水处理系统进行改造实施。经一年多的运行证明该改造方案处理效果稳定且耐冲击力较强,可见此工艺设计对橡胶制品企业污水是有效可行的。     

催化氧化技术试验研究

以化工废水为研究对象,采用改进的羟基自由基催化氧化技术进行处理,出水水质稳定。当实验条件为催化剂质量分数为80%,氧化剂投加量为2500mg/L,pH为3,气水比为6,反应时间60min时,小试试验COD去除率达到70.7%,现场中试试验COD平均去除率达到60%。     

微波处理废水方法概况

综述了利用微波处理技术进行废水处理的几种应用方式,包括微波直接辐射处理法、微波作用于废水和活性炭(或其他物质)处理方法及微波与催化氧化相结合的废水处理方法。同时指出了利用微波技术处理废水的优缺点与展望。     

东北地区土壤活性有机碳对水热梯度变化的反映S152.4+2S153.6

基于样区20年气象资料统计结果和2006年土壤有机碳实测值,分析了东北样区内土壤活性有机碳各组分的空间分布格局及其与年均温(t)、降雨量(p)、有效积温和p/t(降雨量/年均温)之间的关系。结果表明:样区内土壤活性有机碳各组分沿纬度呈现出南低北高的分布趋势;活性有机碳各组分与土壤有机之间具有显著的正相关性;活性有机碳组分之间具有较强的相关性;活性有机碳各组分与气候因素之间存在良好的相关性。活性有机碳各组分与年均温之间的相关性大于活性有机碳各组分与降雨量之间的相关性。     

Water infrastructure in China: the importance of full project life-cycle cost analysis in addressing water challenges

To address serious wastewater challenges, the government of China is investing in the rapid building of new treatment plants across the country. However, current practice often favours both cost- and energy-inefficient designs and implementation, especially in smaller cities and towns. Combining a full life cycle costing (LCC) approach with financing innovations and the identification and implementation of new technologies can reduce such inefficiencies by 50% or more. One general and two wastewater-specific case studies of new approaches to efficient infrastructure design are discussed.