全文获取类型
收费全文 | 655篇 |
免费 | 115篇 |
国内免费 | 37篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1篇 |
计划管理 | 17篇 |
经济学 | 36篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
运输经济 | 1篇 |
旅游经济 | 3篇 |
贸易经济 | 6篇 |
农业经济 | 49篇 |
经济概况 | 26篇 |
水利工程 | 656篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 29篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 38篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 56篇 |
2011年 | 49篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 35篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 20篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有807条查询结果,搜索用时 843 毫秒
31.
Abstract Based on monitoring data of 123 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2000 near or in the Yellow River Basin, the spatial and temporal distributions and their trends for pan evaporation (PE) are investigated in this study. The results indicate that, despite the annual mean air temperature over the Yellow River Basin has, on average, increased by 0.6° over the past 40 years, the rate of PE has steadily decreased, especially in summer and spring. Compared with the period of 1960s to 1970s, the rate of annual pan evaporation during 1980s to 1990s has decreased by 126mm or 7.0 percent. Spatial distribution of the rate of change show that this kind of trend is general but not universal, PE has significantly decreased over the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River, but increased to a small degree over the middle reaches. Further analyses show that the decrease of PE is mainly related to reductions in sunshine durations and solar irradiance, owing to more clouds and aerosols. 相似文献
32.
白洋淀气候变化及对生态系统的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据1955年-2010年白洋淀地区气象数据及生态资料,研究了气候变化对白洋淀湿地生态系统的影响,以期为白洋淀湿地保护和可持续发展提供依据。结果表明:近56年来,白洋淀地区的气温总体呈现上升趋势,且在2007年达到最高值,而降水量、平均风速和日照时数均呈现下降趋势,其中1996年以后的降水量均低于56年的平均降水量。白洋淀地区降水量和年最高水位呈明显的正相关关系,平均气温和水域面积的变化趋势则相反。水位、水域面积的变化以及人类活动等因素影响了白洋淀水质和生物多样性以及不同土地利用类型的分配比例。 相似文献
33.
This study introduces the emerging integrated ecosystem management approach known as Payments for Watershed Services (PWS) as utilized for lake and reservoir basin governance. PWS is built on the central concept of providing economic incentives to watershed stakeholders to assist in management efforts. It channels conservation payments from downstream payers to finance conservation activities conducted by upstream payees. The upstream conservation activities are expected to enhance ecosystem functions, thereby improving water‐related ecosystem services desired by downstream stakeholders. Information on 163 PWS projects in 34 developing countries through the year 2008 was collected and analysed, including their common goals, processes, outcomes, scientific assumptions and socioeconomic rationales. This study recognized one unique PWS characteristic, namely the role of intermediary organizations (i.e. brokers) in integrating the economic incentives of upstream payees and downstream payers in order to facilitate their transactions by means of contracts. Although 75% of the reviewed PWS projects have focused on rivers, and only 10% have considered lakes and reservoirs, the similarity of the intermediary functions performed by lake management organizations and PWS intermediary organizations suggests a greater potential for the future application of PWS designs in lake basins. Drawing on components in the field of New Institutional Economics to interpret the intermediary function within the PWS framework, a three‐part PWS design with 15 steps is proposed in this study for lake basin governance, with a Costa Rican PWS scheme serving as an illustration. This study seeks to communicate the scientific and socioeconomic frontiers for developing locally suitable and integrated watershed governance structures to lake management organizations and other watershed stakeholder groups. 相似文献
34.
主要介绍了汶川地震中唐家山堰塞湖应急处置过程中空间信息技术的具体应用。通过收集堰塞湖发生及处置全过程中所获取的有关基础地理信息、航空航天遥感影像、地质、水文气象、资源环境、人口社会经济以及应急决策等各类数据,并对上述数据进行处理,以使相同类型的数据能在统一的格式下进行组织、存储并进行有效的数据库管理。利用Web Services、空间数据库等技术建立数据库管理信息系统,实现基于网络的各类数据的查询检索和分析功能。该数据库的建设,可为今后类似应急处置提供快速、准确和直观的基础信息和经验指导。 相似文献
35.
36.
Dajun Shen 《国际水资源开发杂志》2016,32(1):153-166
The paper analyses the range of lake management organizations (LMOs) established in China and proposes management recommendations for different lake types and contexts. Based on functions, regional coverage and sectoral focus, nine LMO patterns are identified, ranging from existing agency approaches in which there is no specific lake focus or institutional responsibility to comprehensive and powerful lake basin authorities. LMO development in China faces many challenges, including a preoccupation with organizational form rather than function and objectives, duplication with existing agency functions, and insufficient lake basin management and trans-jurisdictional coordination. We therefore propose that LMOs should be tailored to specific situations and problems, drawing distinctions between plateau, urban, plain, inland and wetland lakes as well as other contexts. 相似文献
37.
派河为巢湖一级支流,水质差,针对派河流域开展了多项研究,产生了多项清水廊道技术,尚缺乏有效的产业化推广模式,基于此,构建了多层次、多元化清水廊道技术产业推广模式(“2S”VIP)。该模式包括组织机构、运行机制、推广模式平台、保障措施等。其中清水廊道技术推广模式平台包括综合技术信息平台、综合服务平台、产业化推广平台,以综合技术信息平台为支撑,以互联网+、大数据等为手段,综合服务平台为依托,产业化推广平台实现技术与市场的衔接。在政府的引导和监督下,通过一系列保障措施使各平台能顺利运行,达到产、学、研、用的有机融合。 相似文献
38.
Zoltán Vitál Nóra Boross István Czeglédi Bálint Preiszner Tibor Erős Kálmán Molnár Gábor Cech Csaba Székely Diána Sándor Péter Takács 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(1):236-241
In this study, we provide the first genetically verified distribution record beyond its native range of Ligula pavlovskii, a high-impact endoparasite of Ponto-Caspian gobies. According to parasitological surveys, ligulosis was detected for the first time in monkey goby individuals collected from Lake Balaton in 2004, 34 years after the first record of monkey goby in the lake. During a Lake Balaton survey in 2018, we detected tapeworms in 44.4% of the sampled monkey gobies. This prevalence is about two to ten times higher than it was reported from within the native range of the fish hosts. The same survey revealed an uneven spatial distribution of the ligulosis in the monkey gobies inhabiting different shoreline sections of the lake. We assume that the occurrence and recent distribution data of this high-impact endoparasite may provide useful information for potential biocontrol measures of invasive Ponto-Caspian gobies in the future. 相似文献
39.
Anaerobic methane oxidation and aerobic methane production in an east African great lake (Lake Kivu) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fleur A.E. Roland Cédric Morana François Darchambeau Sean A. Crowe Bo Thamdrup Jean-Pierre Descy Alberto V. Borges 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2018,44(6):1183-1193
We investigated CH4 oxidation in the water column of Lake Kivu, a deep meromictic tropical lake with CH4-rich anoxic deep waters. Depth profiles of dissolved gases (CH4 and N2O) and a diversity of potential electron acceptors for anaerobic CH4 oxidation (NO3?, SO42?, Fe and Mn oxides) were determined during six field campaigns between June 2011 and August 2014. Denitrification measurements based on stable isotope labelling experiments were performed twice. In addition, we quantified aerobic and anaerobic CH4 oxidation, NO3? and SO42? consumption rates, with and without the presence of an inhibitor of SO42?-reducing bacteria activity. Aerobic CH4 production was also measured in parallel incubations with the addition of an inhibitor of aerobic CH4 oxidation. The maximum aerobic and anaerobic CH4 oxidation rates were estimated to be 27?±?2 and 16?±?8?μmol/L/d, respectively. We observed a difference in the relative importance of aerobic and anaerobic CH4 oxidation during the rainy and the dry season, with a greater role for aerobic oxidation during the dry season. Lower anaerobic CH4 oxidation rates were measured in presence of molybdate in half of the measurements, suggesting the occurrence of linkage between SO42? reduction and anaerobic CH4 oxidation. NO3? consumption and dissolved Mn production rates were never high enough to sustain the measured anaerobic CH4 oxidation, reinforcing the idea of a coupling between SO42? reduction and CH4 oxidation in the anoxic waters of Lake Kivu. Finally, significant rates (up to 0.37?μmol/L/d) of pelagic CH4 production were also measured in oxygenated waters. 相似文献
40.