中国农民集体土地产权配置的实证辨析

在偏重公平价值的中国农民集体土地产权配置的基本框架下,任何追求效率的具体法律安排均无法避免与之发生内在冲突;无论是集体土地所有权的性质悖论、主体悖论还是土地承包经营权的性质悖论都是这种冲突的必然结果。要提高农业生产的效率,必须从实证的角度改革农民集体土地的产权配置,化解现存悖论;改革只能以明晰土地承包经营权的物权性质为切入点。     

创新、知识产权与新经济

创新与知识产权对新经济发展有重要作用,以新制度经济学的产权理论分析知识产权的排他性权利实质及特征,论述了知识产权在我国的现状,以契约理论回答了如何实现知识产权产业化的问题。     

创新创业载体视角下的知识产权服务体系研究

知识产权是创新创业成功的重要保障,是保护创新创业成果的有效支撑。通过问卷调查和案例调研方法,以2016年北京248家创新创业载体为研究对象,分析了这些载体的知识产权服务体系。结论是:创新创业载体的知识产权服务体系尚在建设完善中,从产业、区域、政策及资质等层面看,知识产权服务方面存在一定差异性;区域创新创业载体的知识产权服务缺乏规范,尚未形成一套适于每个创新创业载体的知识产权服务指南;区域创新创业载体的知识产权服务绩效还需要系统的评价指标,有待进一步研究。     

Variation diminishing property of densities of uniform generalized order statistics

Let f _*,r , r ≥ 1, denote the density function of rth uniform generalized order statistics as defined by Kamps (1995) or Cramer and Kamps (2003). We prove the following variation diminishing property: the number of zeros in (0,1) of any linear combination does not exceed the number of sign changes in the sequence (a ₁, . . . ,a _r ). This result is applied to study monotonicity and convexity properties of f _*,r .     

Technological knowledge as an essential facility

The economics of regulation has articulated the notions of essential facility and mandated interconnection. Their application to the governance of technological knowledge can be fruitful especially when implemented by the adoption of a compensatory liability rule and the parallel reduction in the exclusivity of patents. Because knowledge is at the same time an output and an input in the production of new knowledge, exclusivity, traditionally associated to patents, is the cause of actual knowledge rationing with major drawbacks in terms of both static and dynamic efficiency. This institutional innovation can improve the governance of technological knowledge and increase both its rates of dissemination and generation.

Property rights and information flows: a simulation approach

With the growth of the information economy, the proportion of knowledge-intensive goods to total goods is constantly increasing. Lessig (The future of ideas: the fate of the commons in a connected world. Vintage, New York 2001) has argued that IPRs have now become too favourable to existing producers and that their ‘winner-take-all’ characteristics are constraining the creators of tomorrow. In this paper we look at how variations in IPRs regimes might affect the creation and social cost of new knowledge in economic systems. Drawing on a conceptual framework, the Information Space or I-Space to explore how the uncontrollable diffusibility of knowledge relates to its degree of structure, we deploy an agent-based modelling approach to explore the issue of IPRs. We take the ability to control the diffusibility of knowledge as a proxy measure for an ability to establish property rights in such knowledge. Second, we take the rate of obsolescence of knowledge as a proxy measure for the degree of turbulence induced by different regimes of technical change. Then we simulate the quantity and cost to society of new knowledge under different property right regimes.

恶意挤占医保基金的经济学分析

导致医保基金存量减少的原因可以分为两类,一类由客观原因导致,并且难以避免,另一类是人为因素造成的恶意挤占医保基金的行为。针对后一种情况,从经济学角度,首先运用产权理论的观点来分析制度本身的缺陷,再通过建立两个博弈模型来分析当事人投机心理的形成过程,并提出相应解决措施。     

重庆“钉子户”事件的物权法分析

重庆"钉子户"事件引起了社会的广泛关注。该事件的产生涉及若干《物权法》上的问题,也反映了目前我国城市房屋拆迁制度存在的缺陷。弥补这些缺陷应在《物权法》中明确界定"公共利益"的范围、确定拆迁补偿的规则,从而进一步完善《物权法》中的征收制度。     

罗马法所有权及对我国所有权制度完善的影响

罗马法的物权概念是现代民法物权概念的基础,罗马法中的所有权更是具备了现代民法中所有权的主要内容.我们应借鉴罗马法所有权并结合我国所有权的立法和实践,对社会主义市场经济条件下的所有权制度进行理论创新和实践改革.     

关系型交易对审计费用的影响——基于经营风险理论视角

关系型交易模式可能会在议价能力、关系专用性投资成本转换等方面加剧上市公司的经营风险,进而影响审计费用。已有研究主要集中于关系型交易对审计行为的影响,鲜有文献关注其中的作用机制。本文基于经营风险理论视角,选取2008~2017年沪深A股制造业上市公司的相关数据,实证分析了关系型交易对审计费用的影响,结果表明:关系型交易显著加剧了企业经营风险的集聚,进而提升审计费用,即经营风险在关系型交易对审计费用的影响中起到了中介作用。进一步研究,在区分了产权性质以及耐用品特征后,实证结果显示关系型交易与审计费用的正相关关系在非国有企业以及耐用品行业的企业中较为显著,为审计师进行合理审计定价提供了经验证据支持。