板式楼梯梯板的结构设计教学探讨

文中针对板式楼梯梯板设计中存在的误区,将作用在梯板上的荷载分解为沿板面和垂直板面的两种分量来求解,给出一种简易实用的计算方法。     

An assessment of the influence of bioenergy and marketed land amenity values on land uses in the Midwestern US

There is substantial concern that bioenergy policies could swamp other considerations, such as environmental values, and lead to large-scale conversions of land from forest to crops. This study examines how bioenergy and marketed environmental rents for forestland potentially influence land use in the Midwestern US. We hypothesize that current land uses reflect market values for environmental benefits of forestland, so that the marketed component of the environmental value of land can be captured as the difference between Census land values and value of land as a timber asset. We use a multinomial logit model to estimate the land use shares of forests, crops and urban in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. The results show that marketed environmental rents increase forestland relative to cropland. To examine the effects of biofuels on land use, we conduct policy analysis by altering future land rents. Our baseline scenario projects that urban development uses mostly cropland, but with higher crop rents resulting from increased demand for bioenergy, there will be significant losses of forestland to urban and cropland. On the other hand, if marketed environmental rents grow while crop rents are maintained at their baseline value, urban growth will occur, primarily at the expense of cropland.     

浅述数码技术在平面广告图形中的运用

随着数码技术的高度发展,数码技术不仅渗入了平面广告图形采集、绘制、设计、编辑、排版的整个过程,而且对广告图形表现形式也产生了深刻的影响,它突破了广告图形平面表现的限制,使广告图形语言有了不同层面的衍变,赋予传统图形新的生命,从而促进了广告图形语言的新发展。数码技术也使设计师获得了空前的设计自由,实现了艺术与科学最完美的结合。     

概念整合理论对通感的阐释

通感现象不仅是一种修辞手法,更是人类普遍的认知方法。感觉者在具体情景中,某一感官受到刺激的同时会将记忆背景中相关的另一感觉特征激活,形成原创结构,经过组合、完善、扩展三个整合运作进程,产生通感现象。通感意义建构过程是动态的概念整合过程。     

The Cambridge capital controversies: contributions from the complex plane

This article takes a fresh look at reswitching. When two production techniques are compared, reswitching occurs when one technique is more viable than the other at a high interest rate, switches to being less viable at a lower rate, and reswitches to being more viable again at even lower rates. For some, reswitching undermines the foundations of neoclassical economics because it belies the idea of a monotonic relationship between relative capital values and factor price. The reswitching equation is an nth degree polynomial having n roots, implying the existence of n interest rates. Conventional analysis uses one interest rate but ignores the others. We argue that the others should not be ignored because all rates are determined simultaneously, and when one rate shifts, all rates shift. We demonstrate that the Samuelson reswitching model possesses a ‘dual’ expression containing every interest rate, the rates being compressed into a composite, interest-rate variable, thereby establishing a role for interest rates previously thought lacking in use and meaning. The relationship between this composite interest rate and capital value does not exhibit reswitching. The notion of a composite interest rate has implications for economics beyond reswitching.     

我国建筑业可持续发展水平评价分析——基于投影寻踪原理

建筑业作为我国经济的支柱产业对推动经济的发展起着巨大的作用,在分析影响我国建筑业可持续发展因素的基础上,选择了行业发展规模、行业发展效率、行业发展潜力和行业资源消耗4个方面共15个评判指标,根据2000～2008年我国建筑业相关统计数据,建立了我国建筑业可持续发展评价的投影寻踪分类模型（PPC）,并利用复合单纯形法求解最佳投影方向。根据投影值的大小对建筑业可持续发展水平做出评价、分析。计算结果显示,2000-2008年我国建筑业可持续发展水平总体上有了较高的增长,但2008年多项指标增速放缓甚至出现了一定的下滑。PPC模型可以避免主观因素对权重确定的影响,且具有投影值准确度高、评价结果较为客观等优点,为我国建筑业可持续发展能力评价提供了一条新的方法与思路。     

广西区域经济差异综合评价实证研究

本文论述广西壮族自治区区域经济发展水平的评价指标体系,采用投影寻踪评价模型,用加速遗传算法寻找最佳投影方向,将多维属性指标转换为一维投影值。根据2005年社会经济统计数据对全区14个地市进行综合评价,采用Ward聚类法进行系统聚类分析,将全区划分为四大经济发展梯度区,并分析区域差异产生的原因,探讨它的经济发展对策和思路。     

International comparison in historical perspective: Reconstructing the 1934-1936 Benchmark purchasing power parity for Japan, Korea, and Taiwan

This article provides the first expenditure-based estimate of purchasing power parity (PPP) converters for 1934-1936 Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. We match all together 70-80 types of goods and services for private consumption, government expenditure and investment using three levels of weights derived from various expenditure surveys. We find that the 1934-1936 average prices of Korea for private consumption, investment, and government expenditure were about 0.86, 0.89, and 0.98 times that of Japan, respectively; and for Taiwan 0.84, 0.87, and 0.95, respectively. This gives the 1934-1936 Korea and Taiwan overall GDE average price levels of 0.87 and 0.86 that of Japan, respectively. Our new benchmark estimate is an improvement over existing converters based either on exchange rates or the 1990 backward projection method, which is embedded with index number biases. It provides a vital link for a long-term overview of structural change, ethnic income distribution, and the historical convergence for these three economies.     

层状岩体边坡顺层破坏机理研究

李家峡水电站坝址和近坝库区，无论是自然边坡或人工边坡，其破坏机理和破坏类型，均与层间挤压带的分布和它们与其他结构面或与临空面的组合关系密切相关。通过工程实践，将层状岩体边坡顺层破坏机理归纳为三方面的问题，即：平面旋转滑动、解体滑动和渐进破坏。并对这种边坡的治理原则提出了看法和认识。     

东风水电站大坝平面变形监测网初探

叙述东风水电站高精度的大坝平面变形监测网的实施情况，并研究了在河谷地段建立高精度短边变形监测网应注意的一些特殊问题。