长江中游蓄滞洪区分洪运用方案研究

蓄滞洪区是降低洪水风险的一种有效工程措施，能够充分有效地分蓄超额洪量，最大程度地降低高洪水位，从而减轻甚至消除下游的防洪压力。然而，蓄滞洪区的运用效果与洪水的类型密切相关。在水系复杂的长江中游地区，理想地运用蓄滞洪区一般比较困难，特别是在需要决策分洪运用蓄滞洪区又不知道未来的洪水过程时。以宜昌站至汉口站为研究范围，包括洞庭湖区及支流汉江，对钱粮湖、共双茶、大通湖东及洪湖东分块共计4个蓄滞洪区的分洪运用方案进行了研究。对于1998年实际洪水，利用水动力模型．研究出4个蓄滞洪区的理想运用方案。基于未来洪水的不确定性，对1998年实际洪水理想运用方案进行不同影响因素（包括水文、决策及洪水类型等因素）测试，总结出蓄滞洪区分洪运用的一般规律，并对本项目的进一步研究提出合理化建议。     

河北省南水北调配套工程监控系统设计特点

河北省南水北调配套工程监控系统担负着分配来水、调节配水、优化调水的监控任务,通过搭建"3+1"层应用结构和"1+1"型双网结构,设置"总调中心集中调度监控模式"、"现地站自我闭环控制模式"和"区域应急调度监测模式"3种调度控制模型,采取分级存储和分层配置的数据存储机制,构造了一个先进、实用、安全、可靠的工程监控系统,实现了对各泵(闸、阀)站的远程集中监控、区域应急调度和现地自动监控,为河北省已建但仍采用离散监控的水电站、泵站及闸站提供了实现"统一调度"和"集中监控"的借鉴模式。     

湖北抽水蓄能电站发展思考

根据湖北省能源结构调整及发展规划，论述了湖北建设抽水蓄能电站的必要性和可行性。分析了建设中面临的问题，提出了解决的建议。     

生产管理系统在广州蓄能水电厂的应用

介绍了广州蓄能水电厂现有的生产管理系统，指出现有管理系统存在的不足。根据多年的运行管理经验对原系统进行了升级改造，增加了一些适用于抽水蓄能电厂或水电厂的管理模块，介绍了其实现方法，为抽水蓄能电厂和水电厂生产管理系统的建设和改造提供了有益的参考。     

横泉水库石料场分析与评价

通过石站头料场与西相王料场工程地质勘察取样试验成果及采用平行断面法储量计算结果，对两料场的选用给出了分析与评价。     

Aquifer Management with Logistic Recharge

Abstract

Theoretical principles of sustainable aquifer management are laid out in this work. The premise of our treatment is that groundwater is a renewable, although exhaustible, natural resource. The theory of this work is aimed at aquifers with a relatively homogeneous recharge that can be approximated by a logistic growth function. Sustainable aquifer exploitation occurs when the rate of ground-water extraction is equal to or less than the natural rate of groundwater replenishment for any level of aquifer storage. There can be many levels of sustainable aquifer exploitation depending on the level of aquifer storage, but there may be only one that maximizes economic returns under a variety of economic and aquifer conditions. Different strategies for sustainable exploitation are derived depending on whether or not the analysis considers tradeoffs among: (i) current and future exploitation; (ii) constant and dynamic aquifer storage conditions; and (iii) regulated and unregulated aquifer exploitation. Key factors affecting sustainable exploitation strategies include: (1) the market price of groundwater; (2) the cost of groundwater extraction; (3) the aquifer storage and natural replenishment characteristics; (4) institutional and environmental regulations on groundwater extraction; and (5) the real discount rate. An example of sustainable groundwater exploitation in Santa Barbara, California, illustrates the methods of this article.     

Hydrological Impacts of Flood Storage and Management on Irrigation Water Abstraction in Upper Ewaso Ng’iro River Basin, Kenya

The upper Ewaso Ng’iro basin, which starts from the central highlands of Kenya and stretches northwards transcending different climatic zones, has experienced decreasing river flows for the last two decades. The Naro Moru sub-basin is used to demonstrate the looming water crisis in this water scarce river basin. The objective of the study was to show the extent of dry seasons’ irrigation water abstractions on river flows, and to assess the hydrological impact of flood storage on temporal water distribution and irrigation water management. Decreasing river flows are attributed to over-abstraction mainly for irrigating horticultural crops. The number of abstractors has increased four times over a period of 10 years. The amount of water abstracted has also increased by 64% over the last 5 years. Moreover, the proportion of unauthorized abstractions has been increasing over the years, currently at about 80% and 95% during high and low flows respectively. This has resulted in alarming conflicts among various water users. The situation is aggravated by low irrigation efficiency (25–40%) and inadequate flood storage facilities. The paper analyzes over 40 years’ observed river flow data and 5-year interval water abstraction monitoring records for 15 years. It assesses whether flood storage and management, can reduce dry seasons’ irrigation water abstractions without significantly reducing river flows to affect the sustenance of natural ecosystems downstream. The results demonstrate that flood storage and management can reduce water abstraction and increase river flows during the dry seasons, without significantly reducing high flows to affect the downstream water users. However, socio-economic, hydrological and environmental implications should be considered if a sustainable river basin water resources management strategy is to be developed and implemented. The case study of Naro Moru sub-basin is representative of the situation in the other sub-basins, and hence can be taken as a pilot basin for developing an integrated water resources management strategy that will foster socio-economic development with minimal negative hydrological impacts in the water scarce upper Ewaso Ng’iro river basin.     

宝应泵站流道混凝土施工期温度场的反分析

在三维非稳定温度场有限元仿真计算程序的基础之上,根据宝应泵站施工现场的实测资料,运用遗传算法对泵站泵送混凝土的热学参数进行反演分析,得到表征材料热学特性参数;然后根据反演结果以及实际施工情况对全计算域进行反馈分析.结果表明,计算值和实测值比较接近,误差很小,很好地反映了施工期混凝土实际的温度变化过程,可指导实际施工.     

论信息技术在仓储业发展中的作用

仓储业既是物流业的重要组成部分，又是第三产业中的独立部门．中国物流业走向现代化离不开仓储业的发展。仓储配送设施和设备是企业正常运作的保证，又是企业提高效益的基础。而要降低仓储配送成本，提高服务质量，保证高效率的运作。必须对仓储配送的设施与设备进行科学合理的管理，随着科学技术的进步，信息技术在仓储业中日益发挥着重要作用。     

军地结合实现军事仓储物资的常储常新

军地仓储物资的共储共用是军地物流互动的重要内容．通过对我军物资仓储现状中存在的主要问题分析。研究了军地结合实现物资共储共用的特点以及实现的主要方法．通过军地物资共储共用既能够有效地促进市场经济下的仓储行业活力，更能够为部队的仓储保障的改革创造更多的发展机遇。