浅论越南水电工程总承包项目风险管理

中国企业在越南的水电总承包项目具有复杂性和诸多不确定性，存在巨大的承包风险。文章以越南昆江等多个水电站总承包项目为实例，对风险因素、识别风险、分解风险、化解风险等项目风险管理办法进行了论述。     

南海发电一厂制氢站设计

介绍南海发电一厂制氢站的设计方案,指出制氢站改造的新旧管道连接,如何保证其安全性等一些特点及难题,提出采用对制氢站采取停机措施后,截断并封堵往主厂房的氢气管路,用氮气吹扫余留的氢气后才进行现场焊接的过渡方案,达到了良好的设计效果.并列举了在设计过程中采用的一些创新与优化设计,如冷冻水系统、氢气贮存系统、外购氢系统等,以供同类火力发电厂扩建工程参考.     

两座可供选择的大型抽水蓄能电站

以柘林水库和罗湾水库为上水库，规划中的低梯级为下水库，分别兴建装机２７万ｋＷ和６０万ｋｗ的抽水蓄能电站，年发电量共１５．９亿ｋｗ·ｈ，效益２．５１亿元，且工程简易，施工方便。     

Measuring voting power in an international institution: the United States and the inter-American development bank

This paper applies a measure of relative voting power to the weighted voting system of the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB). Almost all assessments of internal governance of the IADB and other international financial institutions make reference to members' votes as a proxy for relative influence. But as this paper demonstrates, voting weights are misleading. The number of votes a country has in a weighted voting system does not necessarily denote its ability to affect outcomes. The conventional wisdom holds that the United States is omnipotent in the IADB because it has a large number (over 30 percent) of all the votes. This paper reveals that the U.S. obtains much more control over outcomes than originally intended by the institutions' designers. Received: September 2000 / Accepted: October 2001     

公用事业的多产品定价与政府规制:由上海观察

上海电力公司热电联供的热力价格调整案例表明,完全分配成本法可能会导致共同成本在热力与电力产品问的不合理分摊。而激励问题的存在将加剧共同成本的不合理分摊状况,最终结果是用户的福利受到损失。同时。政府的规制行为受到特定利益集团间的竞争驱动,并且规制者自身有着特定的利益目标,最终规制政策的出台实质上是利益集团间的博弈均衡。为此,寻求更为合理的多产品价格规制方法,以及如何保证利益集团博弈中的规制均衡成为一种社会合意的结果,成为多产品公用事业政府规制改革中的重要问题。     

温江农村产权制度改革实践与思考

农村产权制度改革是统筹城乡改革最核心的问题,在改革的进程中土地制度改革是解决问题的关键。本研究以温江农村土地流转的特征为切入点,围绕温江万春镇云湖天乡项目区等四个区域农村产权制度改革试验点,总结经验、分析可能出现的遗留问题和下一步有无进一步深化的可能,探讨农村产权制度改革连续推进的办法和政策建议。     

Bush v. Gore and the Effect of New Source Review on Power Plant Emissions

New Source Review (NSR) is a Clean Air Act regulation that requires electric utilities to meet emission standards when making modifications to existing power plants. The regulation increases the cost of replacing worn out parts, and limits the firm’s scope of potential capital investments. Such restrictions may lead to greater retirements and lower utilization, adversely affecting profits. Prior to the 2000 presidential election, investors expected Bush to have a narrower interpretation of NSR than Gore. Therefore, we use changes in stock prices to estimate the effect on profits of differences in NSR policy. Our results indicate that investors expected the average boiler to be $38 million more valuable under the Bush administration. Over the boilers’ lifetimes, the additional utilization will have increased emissions by 19 million tons of sulfur dioxide, 5.9 million tons of nitrogen oxides and 980 million tons of carbon dioxide, relative to natural gas generation.      

The impacts of power boating and water skiing on lakes and reservoirs

Over the last 30 years, the use of motorised recreational craft on inland waters has increased significantly, and it is likely that this trend will continue. This growing use of rivers, lakes and water storage reservoirs for recreational purposes has led to concerns about increasing anthropological pressures on freshwater environments. As a result, numerous studies focusing on the possible impact of power boats on inland waterbodies have been undertaken since the early 1970s, when attention started to be drawn to environmental impacts associated with this type of recreation. This paper presents an overview of identified and documented physical, chemical and biological impacts as a result of motorised recreational activities on lakes and reservoirs. Relevant literature, including research papers, government reports and bibliographies, was consulted in the preparation of this review. It has become obvious that in the past, biological impacts have been underestimated. Thus, there is a need for further, more focused, research into the impacts on not only freshwater ecosystems but on terrestrial biota surrounding recreational waters.     

梯级水电站开发顺序多目标优化方法的研究——复合排序模型与非劣序生成技术

考虑到梯级电站联合运行及电站投入运行过程容量增长的跳跃性特征，建立了以折现投资和累计过剩容量最小化为目标、嵌入水库联调优化问题的多目标复合排序模型．电站投入的序及投入时间的两维优化问题转化成只需对序进行优化的一维问题给出了理论证明．提出多目标动态规划的非劣解生成技术———直接向量优化法，并给出了理论证明．     

Market Structure and Fiscal Policy Effectiveness

In a monopolistic competition macromodel with endogenous market structure, the fiscal multiplier is shown to consist of two components. The first depicts the response of output to a fiscal expansion through the conventional channels that disregard the role of market imperfections. The second component captures the effects of firms' market power as well as the policy-induced change in market structure. The latter effect—which has not been taken into account in existing studies—is shown to be quite significant in raising the fiscal multiplier (even above unity) and in improving consumers' welfare when the labour market is competitive.