高喷防渗墙在龙山水库除险加固工程中的应用

文中介绍了高喷防渗墙在龙山水库除险加固中的应用，通过方案比较分析了设计的合理性和可行性。     

铬渣的治理及综合利用

介绍了铬渣的解毒机理、工艺方法及其应用,阐述了铬渣综合利用的主要途径。在无害化处理的基础上,提出了建议以达到综合利用和安全排放的目的。     

HDTMA-沸石的制法和其对水中磷酸盐的去除

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)对浙江某地沸石进行改性,探讨了制备HDTMA-沸石的最佳条件、影响除去水中磷酸盐的因素和除磷机理。试验表明:改性前,天然沸石要用去离子水洗涤三次,在102℃下干燥进行预处理;改性时,改性剂HDTMA的浓度是3g/L,HDTMA和沸石的反应时间为12h,制得的有机沸石自然晾干。碱性条件下,振荡时间为1h,随着改性沸石的用量增加,磷酸盐的去除率升高。除磷机理为:磷酸盐阴离子和HDTMA阳离子在沸石表面形成缔合物沉淀。     

Phosphorus removal by adsorbent based on poly-aluminum chloride sludge

Phosphorus adsorption tests were carried out using poly-aluminum chloride sludge (PACS), which was collected from a water treatment plant in Nanjing. The amount of phosphorus adsorbed by PACS increased quickly within the first hour and reached equilibrium after about 48 h. The adsorption behavior of PACS for phosphorus is consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation (R² > 0.99) and parallel first-order kinetic equation (R² > 0.98). With the increase of the PACS concentration, the adsorption capacity of PACS for phosphorus decreased, and the removal rate increased. The results of batch tests showed that the adsorption capacities of PACS for phosphorus ranged from 1.64 to 1.13 mg/g when the pH value varied from 4 to 10. However, the adsorption capacity of PACS was not evidently influenced by temperature. In comparison with the ion exchange resin, the adsorption capacity of PACS was barely inhibited by competitive ions, such as ${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$, ${\text{NO}}_3^{-}$, and Cl⁻. The PACS surface after adsorption became smooth, and the vibration peaks of Al–O and Al–OH shifted. Both HCl and NaOH have a strong desorption effect on PACS after adsorption saturation, and with higher concentrations of HCl and NaOH, the desorption effect was stronger. Results of column adsorption experiments showed that with lower phosphorus and hydraulic loads, the adsorption column took longer to reach saturation. This indicated that PACS could be used as an efficient material for removal of phosphorus from water. This study provides a new treatment method with PACS.     

Using hydroacoustics to relate fluctuations in fish abundance to river restoration efforts and environmental conditions in the Penobscot River,Maine

Quantifying change after large habitat restoration efforts is critical to assessing the effort's success. After river restoration activities, fish abundance is expected to increase and also fluctuates naturally by season and with environmental conditions. A side‐looking hydroacoustic system was used to estimate fish abundance in the Penobscot River, ME, from 2010 to 2016 during predam (2010–2013) and postdam (2014–2016) removal years during nonice periods. Automated data processing enabled continuous abundance estimates from fish tracks. A threefold increase in mean fish abundance was recorded after dam removal. A fourfold increase in median fish abundance occurred in the fall relative to spring and summer of the same year, regardless of dam presence. Interannual fish abundance in every season monitored increased at least twofold after dam removal. We related variability in fish abundance to tide, discharge, temperature, diurnal cycle, daylength, moon phase, and restoration activities (focusing on dam presence). Daylength corresponding to the fall and summer was the most important indicator for higher fish abundance. Fish abundance was generally greatest in the fall during outgoing tides at night, with lesser peaks occurring during the month of June at night. Before dam removal, fish abundance peaked when water temperature was less than 9.25°C, at night, during outgoing tides. After dam removal, fish abundance peaked when daylength was less than 11.3 hr, at night, during outgoing tides, when water temperature was above 4.56°C and no full moon was present. Peak fish abundance occurred during only 0.02–2.3% of the total time sampled. The threefold increase in fish abundance recorded after dam removal was observed despite yearly stocking efforts of adult alewife increasing 24% in postdam removal years. Finally, parallel studies of fish presence in the Penobscot River were used to compare the utility of this method as an indicator of fish abundance in response to dam removal.     

不同浊度下的泥沙对水体镉、铅、砷去除的影响分析

针对流域突发性重金属污染,不同浊度下的泥沙对重金属有一定的去除效果.以浊度为指示指标,通过试验研究了常温(25℃)和低温(5℃)条件下浊度50～650 NTU(Nephelometric Turbidity Unit)范围内泥沙对重金属镉、铅、砷吸附去除的影响.试验结果表明:泥沙对重金属镉、铅、砷的去除效果为铅>镉>砷...     

基于Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池试验分析

Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池工艺在絮凝池中投加微砂作为絮体的核心,增强混凝絮凝沉淀的处理性能,试验进一步验证了Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池用于自来水厂初沉池的处理效果和运行数据的初步确定,分析Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池工艺对浊度和藻类去除的效果,预加氯不会影响Acitiflo^（R）加砂沉淀池的浊度去除效果,能增加藻类去除率。     

小型水库除险加固工程施工措施探讨

本文对当前浙江省宁波市小型水库除险加固施工中存在着的问题进行分析,并在此基础上提出一些有效的应对策略,以供参考。     

陈田水库大坝除险加固施工过程质量控制要点

水库大坝除险加固工程是保证水库稳定运行,保障地方社会农业经济效益及下游人民生命财产安全的重要工程。本文结合陈田水库大坝除险加固工程实例,对高压旋喷桩施工技术及质量控制要点进行分析。     

纳滤、反渗透工艺深度处理饮用水研究

利用纳滤和反渗透膜深度处理工艺进行长江原水水质净化中试研究,工艺流程为长江原水→混凝沉淀→沙滤→颗粒活性炭→纳滤/反渗透,比较纳滤、反渗透膜工艺对污染物特别是微量有机物苯系物、三氯乙烯及消毒副产物等的去除效果。结果表明膜工艺预处理能够有效地去除原水的浊度和部分污染物,有利于纳滤、反渗透的稳定运行。纳滤膜工艺的最佳操作压力是0.4 MPa,此压力下产水量为250 L/h,回收率为24%,SO₄^2-,Cl^-,NO₃^-和总硬度的去除率分别为91.7%,85.4%,85.2%,89.3%;采用浓缩水回流能兼顾较高的回收率和良好的去除率。2种膜工艺对苯系物与三氯乙烯的去除率均在95.7%以上;对消毒副产物也有较好的控制效果,其中大部分的削减率在63.7%以上。与反渗透膜工艺比较,纳滤膜工艺具有较低的生产成本。纳滤膜工艺净化出水中可部分保留对人体有益的矿物质,使得净化后的出水成为优质健康饮用水。