浅谈企业信用风险管理

社会主义经济是信用经济,没有信用,就没有秩序,市场经济就不能健康的发展。加强企业信用管理的风险控制是现代企业的一项重要任务。进入WTO标志着中国经济更加开放,国际贸易更加纷繁复杂,在机遇透人的同时,企业也潜伏着越来越大的风险,尤其是企业信用风险。因此强化企业的信用风险管理,建立与完善企业内部信用风险管理体制,仍然是企业面临的一项重要课题,笔者从多方面阐述了企业信用风险形成的原因以及如何建立风险管理机制等问题。     

关于转变经济增长方式的几个问题

本文对当前我国学术界关于粗放与集约概念的由来及转变经济增长方式含义的几种观点作了简要的评析;对如何正确理解实现经济增长方式的转变提出了自己的看法;论述了转变经济增长方式的必要性和转变的数量界限;阐明了顺利实现经济增长方式转变应处理的几个方面的关系。     

中小企业财务管理创新之我见

面对经济全球化和中国加入世贸的新形势 ,中小企业财务管理创新滞后 ,已经严重影响了中小企业的快速、健康发展。本文阐述了中小企业财务管理方面存在的问题 ,剖析了这些问题产生的原因并在此基础上有针对性地提出了解决相应问题的对策。     

谈企业集团财务竞争优势的建立

本文针对国际上出现的安然等破产事件和国内近期的德隆国际企业集团的财务危机，探讨财务风险价值管理在企业集团可持续发展过程中的功能与角色定位，并从以创造价值为导向的财务战略思想来构建企业集团财务竞争优势。     

浅谈T3连接线项目环水保管理控制

高速公路建设规模大、建设周期长、资源消耗集中,与社会进步、经济发展和环境条件密切关联,对于环境保护和水土保持既有积极作用,又有消极影响。论文主要结合中川机场T3航站楼连接线建设项目环水保管理方面的一些经验和做法,探讨高速公路建设项目环水保在施工阶段的管理控制要素,提出了环水保标准化管理的建议,供高速公路及其他建设项目的环境保护和水土保持管理提供参考。     

Development of a system‐based water balance model to assess interrelated physical and anthropogenic constraints in lake and reservoir watersheds,applied to Coeur d'Alene Lake,Idaho, USA

This study presents a methodology for the development of a water balance model that uses publicly available data in a manner useful to water scientists and managers who manage complex lake and reservoir watersheds. The approach was applied to Coeur d'Alene Lake, a naturally occurring lake that is controlled by a dam located on its outlet (Spokane River) in North Idaho, USA. As in many other areas, the region surrounding Coeur d'Alene Lake has experienced high rates of population growth in recent years, and there is concern that, as consumptive water use increases, the lake will eventually not be able to be managed to simultaneously maintain the federally mandated minimum flow requirements in the Spokane River and also maintain the target summertime elevation of 2128 feet (648.6 m) for recreation and hydropower purposes. The complexity caused by the competing uses at Coeur d'Alene Lake makes it an excellent case study for similarly characterized watersheds. Both a natural flow model and regulated elevation model were developed, and sensitivity analysis was conducted on both models to evaluate which lake processes have the greatest effects on lake elevation, thereby requiring the most attention. A ‘low‐flow’ scenario was modelled to demonstrate the usefulness of the model and to inform Coeur d'Alene Lake regional stakeholders regarding the interrelationship between current water policy and the lake's physical behaviour under stressed conditions that could result from climate change. Model result indicates that, while lake elevation may be maintained at the summertime elevation of 2128 feet (648.6 m) under a low‐flow scenario, the outflows in the Spokane River start to approach the minimum flow requirements in the month of August. The developed approach is useful where publicly available data exist and allows for economic, yet rigorous, water resources systems evaluation without requiring significant field data collection.     

Long-term and seasonal nitrate trends illustrate potential prevention of large cyanobacterial biomass by sediment oxidation in Hamilton Harbour,Lake Ontario

Several studies have shown that large, experimental additions of nitrate (NO₃) to eutrophic systems can mitigate large populations of nuisance cyanobacteria and that high NO₃ concentrations can oxidize anoxic sediments. These studies are consistent with observations from numerous aquatic systems across a broad trophic range showing development of reduced surficial sediments precedes the formation of large cyanobacteria populations. We use 50+ years of data to explore whether high NO₃ concentrations may have been instrumental both in the absence of large populations of cyanobacteria in eutrophic Hamilton Harbour, Lake Ontario in the 1970s when total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were high, and in delaying large populations until August and September in recent decades despite much lower TP and TN. Our results indicate that large cyanobacteria population events do not occur at the central station in July-September when epilimnetic NO₃ > 2.2 mg N L^?1. The results further suggest that remedial improvements to wastewater treatment plant oxidation capacity may have been inadvertently responsible for high NO₃ concentrations > 2.2 mg N L^?1 and thus for mitigating large cyanobacteria populations. This also implies that large cyanobacteria populations may form earlier in the summer if NO₃ concentrations are lowered.     

GIS技术在清洁小流域治理中的应用

GIS技术有便捷的数据管理、强大的空间分析和直观的三维可视化能力,在清洁小流域治理中应用GIS技术,可有效地实现海量数据管理、复杂空间分析与决策支持,为实现美丽乡村提供强大技术支撑。以河南省淅川县草庙沟小流域为例,详细介绍了利用GIS技术进行清洁小流域治理的技术路线。利用GIS技术,可在高分辨率影像上获取准确的各级汇水区、植被覆盖信息和地类信息,再结合实测水质数据和土壤、污染、降雨等调查数据,以清洁小流域示范工程技术指南为技术标准,可便捷直观地划分小流域的各治理分区、进行三维施工设计、经费测算和效益分析。因此,GIS技术的利用可有效提升清洁小流域的管理能力。     

基于元数据的异构环境物联网管理研究

环境物联网(Environmental Internet of Things,EIo T)已经广泛地应用于环境监测,在各个地区部署不同类型的EIo T系统是一个长期演进的过程。为了对分布于各地的大规模异构EIo T系统进行统一、有效的管理,通过分析环境监测的特点,并进一步分析了基于EIo T的环境监测系统的感知层、传输层与应用层的特点,提取出了各个环境物联网系统中多种类型的、可用于系统管理的元数据。基于这些环境物联网相关的元数据,构建了一个环境物联网系统统一管理框架。该管理框架通过实时感知应用层中数据存储层中的数据异常状态,可以屏蔽不同EIo T子系统中感知层与传输层的差异,这在一定程度上解决了异构性所带来的问题,可以对大规模、分布式部署的多个不同类型的EIo T子系统进行有效管理。     

基于物元分析法的水资源管理现代化评价

为科学合理地评价区域水资源管理现代化水平,从水资源保障、用水效率、水资源保护、水资源公共管理能力、水资源支撑能力5个方面构建评价指标体系,将模糊层次分析法(FAHP)和熵权法耦合,确定评价指标综合权重,基于物元理论建立水资源管理现代化评价模型。以南京市高淳区为例进行评价,结果表明,南京市高淳区水资源现代化管理水平处于初等现代化阶段,与实际情况相符,验证了所构建评价模型的可行性和有效性。