里下河地区主要水环境污染物的空间分布特性研究

水质时空特征分析和污染源识别是里下河地区水资源管理与污染控制的重要内容之一。利用2011年里下河37个监测断面的10个水质指标数据,综合运用单因子污染指数法、综合水质标识指数法、主成分分析法及GIS软件分析了里下河地区水体污染物的时空分异特征及污染源解析。结果表明:汛期的综合水质要差于非汛期的综合水质,非汛期40.5%的断面水质为Ⅲ类水质断面,汛期70.3%的断面水质为Ⅲ类水质标准;无论是汛期还是非汛期,东北部的监测点水质劣于西南部的监测点水质,但是西南部的灌溉总渠沿线由于受洪泽湖的影响水质状况最好;汛期关键污染因子为来源于非点源污染和点源污染的高锰酸盐、总磷、化学需氧量,氨氮、五日生化需氧量,非汛期为来源于生活、生产污水排放的氨氮、总磷、化学需氧量、五日生化需氧量、锰。     

沂沭河与运河关系的历史考察——以禹王台的兴废为视角

禹王台是17—19世纪沭河分洪设施,是保障京杭运河中运河段防洪安全的关键工程。本文在文献解读与实际调查的基础上,复原了禹王台兴废过程及其所反映的沂沭河与运河的关系。研究发现,禹王台废弃、沂沭河流域水患增加的根本原因是黄河夺淮以来对下游水系破坏,以及为确保中运河畅通,人为阻断各河下泄通道所造成的。研究指出,禹王台作为重要的水工文化遗产,是人与自然相互作用的历史见证,应纳入到运河文化遗产保护的大框架下加以认识。     

西辽河流域地表地下复合生态需水研究

针对西辽河流域水资源开发利用强度大、地下水超采、平原河流断流等严重的生态问题,将河道生态流量与地下水位作为整体来考虑,系统地确定复合型生态需水。首先以河道为对象,计算了最小生态流量、适宜生态流量;其次,以河岸为对象,以地下水与河流补排关系和避免盐碱化为依据,以河道生态流量为边界条件,确定了支撑河道生态需水的生态地下水位。西辽河流域的地表地下复合生态需水指标由河道最小生态流量和适宜生态流量以及地下生态水位构成,可为流域水资源规划和管理、生态系统保护和恢复提供科学依据。     

基于地统计学的田间尺度下土壤盐分离子空间变异研究

土壤中可溶性盐的分析是研究盐渍土盐分动态监测与盐渍化防治的重要基础工作。利用地统计学方法研究了田间尺度下土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征,运用Kriging插值绘制了盐分离子的空间分布图。结果表明:除Cl-和Ca2+属强变异强度外,其他离子均具有中等变异强度;受结构性因素和随机性因素的共同作用,除Ca2+与总盐外,其余各盐分离子均具有中等强度的空间相关性,自相关距差异不大;Kriging插值图表明大部分盐分离子的空间结构性都较好,中部的离子含量明显低于其他方向。研究结果为孔雀河灌区盐渍化土壤的防治、改良和利用提供了理论基础。     

清河干流生态基流计算分析

根据清河干流八棵树水文站、开原水文站1988-2009年径流量资料,选取Tennant法、90%保证率最枯月平均流量法、NGPRP法等5种水文学方法对清河干流生态基流进行了计算,通过对各水文学方法计算结果的对比分析,发现Tennant法更适合用于清河干流生态基流的计算。根据不同水平年清河干流生态基流Tennant法的计算结果,并与清河干流实际径流进行对比分析,表明随着不同水平年降雨量的减少,清河干流生态需水的满足程度逐渐减小。     

Comprehensive two-dimensional river ice model based on boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method简

River ice is a natural phenomenon in cold regions, influenced by meteorology, geomorphology, and hydraulic conditions. River ice processes involve complex interactions between hydrodynamic, mechanical, and thermal processes, and they are also influenced by weather and hydrologic conditions. Because natural rivers are serpentine, with bends, narrows, and straight reaches, the commonly-used one-dimensional river ice models and two-dimensional models based on the rectangular Cartesian coordinates are incapable of simulating the physical phenomena accurately. In order to accurately simulate the complicated river geometry and overcome the difficulties of numerical simulation resulting from both complex boundaries and differences between length and width scales, a two-dimensional river ice numerical model based on a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method was developed. The presented model considers the influence of the frazil ice accumulation under ice cover and the shape of the leading edge of ice cover during the freezing process. The model is capable of determining the velocity field, the distribution of water temperature, the concentration distribution of frazil ice, the transport of floating ice, the progression, stability, and thawing of ice cover, and the transport, accumulation, and erosion of ice under ice cover. A MacCormack scheme was used to solve the equations numerically. The model was validated with field observations from the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River. Comparison of simulation results with field data indicates that the model is capable of simulating the river ice process with high accuracy.     

河床式水电站厂房结构的地震响应分析方法研究

以某河床式水电站工程为例,在分析厂房整体结构特点的基础上,建立了三维有限元模型,并应用《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(DL 5037-2000)和《欧洲结构抗震设计规范》(Eurocode 8)中三种不同的反应谱,进行了河床式水电站厂房结构的地震响应分析。将设计反应谱转换成20s的人造地震波,通过时程分析,对反应谱分析得到的结构应力和位移状况进行验证对比,讨论在规范规定的不同反应谱分析方法下河床式水电站厂房结构地震响应的异同。期待研究成果可以为我国抗震规范的修订提供部分借鉴。     

社区山洪风险评估系统开发及试点应用

近年来,由于山洪灾害的高发生频率、强致灾性以及高致死率,越来越多的国家和地区开始关注对山洪风险的评估,特别是作为社会基本单元的社区,通过社区山洪灾害风险评估加强减灾能力建设是提高减灾效率的关键。介绍了社区山洪风险评估系统主要内容以及在试点社区湖北省咸宁市冷水坪社区的应用情况。     

The Effects of Prior Impressions of a Firm's Ethics on the Success of a Cause-Related Marketing Campaign: Do the Good Look Better While the Bad Look Worse?

ABSTRACT

The exploratory study that is the subject of this paper examines the importance of ten church service and program variables in the decision by members of different age cohorts to join a church. Variables that were investigated included aspects of the worship service; adult, children and senior education programs; and recreational activities. Two additional variables, denominational loyalty and the desire to be part of a spiritual community, were also investigated. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate the significance of each program as well as elements of the worship service. In addition, sources of information that members used prior to the first visit were examined. The most important resource was word-of-mouth. There were 460 respondents who were members of Southern Baptist and Unitarian Universalist churches located throughout the South and Southwest.     

Attitudes toward Use of Advertising and Various Media Practices by Physicians

Advertising by physicians is a relatively recent phenomenon. The purposes of this study were to determine (a) consumers’ attitudes toward advertising by physicians; (b) whether certain potential consumer demographic variables account for any significant difference in attitudes toward physicians who advertise; and (c) which media consumers feel are appropriate for physicians’ advertising. The intent was to discover information that would be useful to physicians in planning promotional strategies and improving the quality of their advertising. The study seems to confirm the belief of many professionals that advertising and promotion clearly have a place in the future of health care services.