加入WTO中小企业经营策略初探

中小企业是社会和经济发展中不可或缺的力量,在经济高速发展、竞争日趋激烈的今天加入WTO,给中小企业带来了新的机遇和挑战,把握好时机,采取避实就虚、加强创新、做专做精,避免贪大求全、盲目扩张、感性炒作,这是新形势下,中小企业进行资本积累,发展壮大的必由之路。     

Recognizing the importance of scale in the ecology and management of riverine fish

Processes affecting fish populations range in scale from local to global. Fish response is also scale‐dependent, with some activities varying locally while others depend on large‐scale connectivity within or between watersheds. These issues are still only partly recognized, with large‐scale research often affected by non‐independent sampling, weak inference, poor model testing or model over‐extrapolation. Available multi‐scale studies can reach different conclusions about factors affecting fishes from local studies, but results vary between examples. Potential explanations are (i) effects on fishes are context‐dependent; (ii) different species or life‐stages are limited in different ways; (iii) multi‐scale studies are too few for generalization. We advocate improved use of geostatistical tools to guide sampling or interpret the spatial extent of management problems, and we illustrate this using brown trout in Welsh streams. Our strongest recommendation is that fish ecologists recognize the importance of interactions across scales in quantifying effects on fishes so that management decisions can be better based on evidence rather than judgement or extrapolation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Use of minimum risk approach in the estimation of regression models with missing observations

This article considers a linear regression model with some missing observations on the response variable and presents two estimators of regression coefficients employing the approach of minimum risk estimation. Small disturbance asymptotic properties of these estimators along with the traditional unbiased estimator are analyzed and conditions, that are easy to check in practice, for the superiority of one estimator over the other are derived. Received May 2001     

石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统的建立及应用

以石匣小流域为坡地水土流失监测试点,以遥感及地理信息系统技术为手段,以坡地径流小区定位观测为依据,建立石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统,定位、定性、定量监测各种坡地类型的水土流失量、污染物流失量,为水土流失监测预报提供数据,为全市山区水土流失监测预报工作提供经验及方法,为制定水土流失防治方针政策及水土流失生态环境建设提供依据.     

"隐形冠军"的市场垄断及其对我国中小企业的启示

“隐形冠军”能够在所在市场中处于垄断地位，有其深刻的原因。分析他们取得成功的经验，对我国中小企业的进一步发展具有很大的意义。     

太平溪小流域水土保持蓄水减沙效益初步研究

太平溪小流域地处三峡库乎宜昌县西部，距三峡坝５ｋｍ的长江西陵峡北岸，治理前水土流失严重，大量坡面商沙以沟道推移直接进入三峡库区。     

Snowpack response in the Assiniboine-Red River basin associated with projected global warming of 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C

This study assesses snow response in the Assiniboine-Red River basin, located in the Lake Winnipeg watershed, due to anthropogenic climate change. We use a process-based distributed snow model driven by an ensemble of eight statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) to project future changes under policy-relevant global mean temperature (GMT) increases of 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C above the pre-industrial period. Results indicate that basin scale seasonal warmings generally exceed the GMT increases, with greater warming in winter months. The majority of GCMs project wetter winters and springs, and drier summers, while autumn could become either drier or wetter. An analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) responses under GMT changes reveal higher correlations of snow cover duration (SCD), snowmelt rate, maximum SWE (SWE_max) and timing of SWE_max with winter and spring temperatures compared to precipitation, implying that these variables are predominantly temperature controlled. Consequently, under the GMT increases from 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C, the basin will experience successively shorter SCD, slower snowmelt, smaller monthly SWE and SWE_max, earlier SWE_max, and a transition from snow-dominated to rain-snow hybrid regime. Further, while the winter precipitation increases for some GCMs compensate the temperature-driven changes in SWE, the increases for most GCMs occur as rainfall, thus limiting the positive contribution to snow storage. Overall, this study provides a detailed diagnosis of the snow regime changes under the policy-relevant GMT changes, and a basis for further investigations on water quantity and quality changes.     

搞好中小城市绿化建设的几点思考

作者根据自身的实践 ,认为中小城市绿化建设应树立四种意识 :一是树立“规划见绿”理念 ,对城市绿化也要编制总体规划和详细规划 ,并构思布局一批特色绿化工程 ;二要强化“空间绿化”意识 ,以城市道路轴线 ,构建绿化网络 ,扩展绿色绿量 ;三要树立“精品绿化”意识 ,提高绿化质量 ,打造草坪、花坛、公园、街道等名牌 ,四要树立“市场经营”意识 ,建立起多元联动、全社会参与的城市绿化投融资新机制。     

不同区位小城镇成长理论与模型--以欠发达地区为例

通过分析和论证不同区位时欠发达地区小城镇成长的影响,并与发达地区小城镇成长的区位条件相比较,揭示了欠发达地区小城镇成长的区位独特性以及区位制约机制,探讨了不同区位条件下小城镇成长的不同模式.     

我国中小银行发展面临的问题及对策

在我国金融体系改革逐步深入的背景下,中小银行不断锐意创新,迅猛发展,但同时也暴露许多问题和风险.本文分析了当前影响我国中小银行发展的十个问题,并在此基础上提出了相应对策.