三峡水利枢纽工程阶段验收工作体会

2003年，三峡水利枢纽工程胜利完成了蓄水(135m水位)、双线五级船闸试通航和首批机组(2、5号)启动等阶段验收，为实现蓄水、通航、发电三大目标奠定了基础。由三建委发布的《长江三峡二期工程枢纽工程验收工作大纲》是国家专为三峡二期工程阶段验收制定的验收办法，验收工作由国务院长江三峡二期工程验收委员会主持。三峡二期工程阶段验收工作的顺利进行，为我国特大型水利水电工程的阶段验收积累了经验。     

鄱阳湖水面蒸发量的确定

鄱阳湖因湖面面积大，且地处亚热带，水面蒸发量和蒸发水量均很大，准确蒸 妲和蒸发水量对水资源分析具有重要意义，根据１９８０－１９８７年都昌蒸发实验站漂浮发资料，确定了陆地Ｅ６０１，ψ８０，ψ２０３种节发器的计算系数。此外，用计算的自然水体蒸发量推求了３种经验公式的参数，使资料系列延长到３５年。利用湖口、星子、都昌、棠荫、康山气象站１９６０－１９９４年的气象资料，用不同方法计算了鄱阳湖的多年平均蒸发量     

SPAC系统中的水热CO2通量与光合作用的综合模型(Ⅰ)模型建立

本文建立了模拟农田SPAC(Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum)系统中土壤水分动态，蒸发蒸腾、CO2通量和光合作用的模型。模型包括土壤水流子模型，根系吸水子模型，蒸发蒸腾子模型，冠层阻力-光合作用-CO2通量子模型几个组成部分。土壤水流子模型采用土壤水流的连续方程来描述；根系吸水子模型采用了根据Feddes模型改进得到的模型；蒸发蒸腾子模型采用Shuttleworth-Wallace公式；采用叶片水平的气孔阻力-光合作用模型，并将其扩展到冠层尺度来确定冠层阻力、光合作用速度以及叶片气孔下腔的CO2浓度，并进而确定冠层的CO2通量。本模型的特点是尽可能采用简便的处理方法来描述SPAC系统中的水、热、CO2传输过程与光合作用过程，同时各个子模型又具有较强的机理性。     

TRANSIENT FLOW DRAINAGE EQUATIONS CONSIDERING BOTH DELAYED GRAVITY RESPONSE AND EVAPORATION FROM WATER TABLE

The drainable porosity is one of the important parameters in the unsteady drainage formulas. Due to delayed gravity response the drainable porosity is a function of the rate of drawdown and the depth of water table. The evaporation from groundwater plays an important role in lowering water table, in drainage design formulas it should be taken into account. Drainage equations considering evaporation from groundwater varying with water table depth and evaporation from water surface and involving constant drain-able porosity have been proposed by many authors. In this paper new formulas considering both delayed gravity yield and evaporation as a function of water table depth are developed and verified by experimental data.     

浅谈水电建设项目实施阶段的造价控制

对水电项目实施阶段的造价控制方法进行分析 ,就造价控制的基础、关键、环节和有效手段进行详细阐述 ,以降低水电开发成本 ,推动水电事业发展。     

长三角区域经济一体化深化发展的思考

随着国务院《国务院关于进一步推进长江三角洲地区改革开放和经济社会发展的指导意见》的出台,长三角区域经济一体化进程进入到新的深化阶段。按照国家战略的总体要求,深入推进长三角区域经济一体化发展,对于增强中国的国际竞争力、增强长三角在全国的辐射带动力、增强长三角自身的可持续发展能力具有重要意义。针对当前长三角区域经济一体化发展面临的区域空间规划、区域共同市场、区域合作制度缺失的制约,今后应着力在优化区域生产力的空间布局、打破区域要素市场的行政分割、建立完善的区域合作制度等方面寻求突破,以此深入推进长三角区域经济一体化发展。     

A marginal analysis guided technology evaluation and selection

Making decisions on strategic investments, such as early stage manufacturing technology (MT), is a complicated task. Early stage technologies are usually costly, and surrounded by uncertainty. The potential benefits are often hard to quantify prior to implementation. Thus, how could managers make good decisions in a high-risk, technically complex business when the information they need to make those decisions comes largely from the project champions who are competing against one another for resources? Traditionally, in this problem domain, decisions are made based upon gut-feeling and past experience, sometimes with the support of some multi-criteria decision-support tools. The criteria evaluation process is very subjective and relies heavily on managers’ experience, knowledge, as well as intuition. Thus, the evaluation approach is often not effectively carried out as there is lack of visibility and traceability in the decision making process. The impact of this scenario is that managers are not confident that resources are being optimised and applied to a mixed portfolio of projects to maximise benefits. This paper proposes a marginal analysis directed branch and bound approach for evaluating and selecting early stage manufacturing technology (MT) projects. A case study is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. Implications of the proposed approach to practitioners and academia are discussed and future research outlined.     

新介质VXF-4310在蒸发冷却电机运行试验中的研究

采用新介质VXF-4310在大寨2号机组上进行真机运行试验研究并与同机空冷试验及以前采用的氟利昂F113运行情况相比较．得出蒸发冷却发电机采用新介质VXF-4310时,定子线棒温度水平低（〈65℃）,温度分布均匀（温差〈10K）。从流动和传热的角度看,VXF－4310作为电饥蒸发冷却介质是可行的,从而为三峡机组采用该新型冷却介质提供了可靠的工程依据。     

新发展阶段与建立现代财税体制

本文基于我国即将进入全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程的新发展阶段,回顾了党的十八大以来的财税改革经验,锚定"十四五"规划和2035年远景目标,研究了新发展阶段对深化财税体制改革的要求,从深化预算体制改革、理顺央地财政关系、提升现代税收治理、健全债务管理制度、推进财税法治建设五个方面把握中国特色现代财税体制发展,持续为建立现代财税体制提供理论佐证。