Finding Pareto Optimal Insurance Contracts

This paper deals with on-line computation—or step-wise learning—of Pareto optimal insurance contracts. Our approach tolerates that the loss distribution might be unknown, intractable, or not well specified. Thus we accommodate fairly inexperienced parties. Losses are here simulated or observed, one at a time, and they cause iterated revisions of the premium. The mechanical and global nature of probability calculus thereby yields to more tentative, myopic procedures, possibly closer to how humans operate or reason in face of risk. Sequential revisions may also reduce the expense of insurers' time and money in seeking sufficient statistics. Emphasized below is the remarkable simplicity and stability of the resulting adaptive procedures. Special attention goes to catastrophic risks, and to subsidized or competitive insurance.     

塑料布"V"形铺设法在水库引冰爬坡中的应用

通过塑料布“Ｖ”形铺设法在胜利水库引冰爬坡的应用与实践，证明了此法与传统贴坡式塑料布铺设法相 比，大大削减了冰推力对坝坡的破坏，减少了坝坡的修复费用，起到了良好的效果。     

关于混联梯级水电站经济调度的研究

提出采用具有附加线性约束的网络规划法，可把混联梯级水电站分解为几个子网络，简化了每个子网络的求解计算，从而加速大电网复杂的经济调度的计算速度。     

铜街子工程坝基预裂控制爆破

本文介绍了在复杂地质条件下,通过反复试验、采用预裂爆破技术在玄武岩坝基进行各种坡面角度的全方位、大面积的生产性实践,并对预裂控制爆破提出了一些意见和具体施工方法.     

自动化驼峰作业预想控制法

襄樊北站驼峰自动化控制系统于2001年11月28日正式投入运用,根据该系统在运用中出现的问题及产生原因,通过采用自动化驼峰作业预想控制法,将人的作业经验与自动化精确控制相结合,取得了扬长避短充分发挥自动控制作用、提高编组站驼峰作业能力的效果。     

Urban Influence on Costs of Production in the Corn Belt

This article determines the relative technical efficiency of rural- and urban-influenced crop/livestock enterprises in the Corn Belt. Farmers in urban-influenced locations are less technically efficient than farmers in rural locations. During 1998–2000, stochastic production frontier procedures indicate that a 10% increase in urban influence leads to a close to 4% decrease in technical efficiency. The most successful urban-influenced farms have controlled costs as effectively as rural farms. They have tended to de-emphasize that nondairy livestock activities—particularly beef and hogs—do not rely extensively on off-farm income, and have relatively large, less residential/lifestyle operations compared to less successful urban-influenced farmers. However, our statistical analysis clearly bears out the refrain in popular literature that urban proximity raises the cost for, and decreases the viability of, traditional farms.     

Simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics in soils during wastewater applications by using a finite-element model

A mathematical model was developed to simulate water movement, mass transport, and nitrogen transformations in soils during wastewater applications. The model is one-dimensional and based on the Galerkin finite-element method. The submodel of mass transport of nitrogen incorporates the convection-dispersion processes of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, nitrification, denitrification, ammonium exchange and uptake of ammonium and nitrate ions. The accuracy and validity of the proposed model was examined by comparison with an explicit-implicit finite-difference model results. The model was used for simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics during wastewater application in homogeneous and multi-layered soils under different N concentration, rate, duration and scheduling of application.     

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE FLOW INDUCED BY ROTATING BLADES IN AN INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLUID

Aerodynamic loads on a multi-bladed helicopter rotor in hovering flight were calculated by solving the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The rotor wake effects were accounted by the correction of local geometric angle of attack according to a free-wake modeling in addition to an empirical modification for the tip flow effect. The validity and efficiency of the present method were verified by the comparisons between numerical results and experimental data.     

浅议现代企业的财务管理

论述现代企业财务管理的一般方法、企业目标与财务管理的关系。