山一生态村建设的成绩与思考

山一村自８０年代初建设生态村以来，在控制人口增长，美化。改善生态环境等方面取得了令人瞩目的成绩。然而由于各种原因使资源的多层次利用没有取得突破性的进展。对此，笔者提出要加强实用高效多种生态技术的研究。     

Behavior in one-shot traveler’s dilemma games: model and experiments with advice

We report results of one-shot traveler’s dilemma game experiments to test the predictions of a model of introspection. The model describes a noisy out-of-equilibrium process by which players reach a decision of what to do in one-shot games. To test the robustness of the model and to compare it to other models of introspection without noise, we introduce non-binding advice. Advice has the effect of coordinating all players’ beliefs onto a common strategy. Experimentally, advice is implemented by asking subjects who participated in a repeated traveler’s dilemma game to recommend an action to subjects playing one-shot games with identical parameters. In contrast to observations, models based on best-response dynamics would predict lower claims than the advised. We show that our model’s predictions with and without advice are consistent with the data.      

水运交通节能效益评估

本文核算了1985～2000年我国内河水路货运交通的节能量,以及由此减排的主要大气污染物量。并通过合适的环境经济方法将节能物理量转化为货币量。结果表明:(1)相对于1980年我国水运能耗水平,1985～2000年我国水路货运业每年直接节约油品6200～9200吨,折合货币量1900万～2800万元;(2)若相对于汽车运输,我国水运每年直接节约油品9万～12万吨,折合2.5亿～3.2亿元。若从开源系统考虑,万元节约油品、减排污染物以及由此获得的经济收益量是其直接值的1.17～1.09倍。     

应对国外反倾销：民间商会不能缺位

面对国外对中国出口商品愈演愈烈的反倾销之势,有效发挥民间商会组织的优势与职能,给企业以依托, 已是打赢反倾销战的关键。因此,应鼓励和加大民间商会的建设力度,利用其特点与优势,充分发挥其职能,以在应对国外反倾销中居于有利地位。     

清洁生产评价在造纸行业环境影响评价中的应用研究

造纸工业是我国的重要产业之一,但同时又是污染较为严重的行业,造纸行业是环境影响评价关注的重要类别。为此,本文从清洁生产的角度,通过对某造纸企业的生产从原材料、产品、资源消耗和污染物排放为指标的清洁生产全过程进行综合评价,定量分析与评定出企业清洁生产的总体水平。以此为例,探讨和研究了造纸企业清洁生产评价方法、一般程序和评价内容。     

Technology assessment: Impact of high-tech engineering research on energy consumption

A technology assessment (TA) program was launched in Switzerland in 1991. One project in the series of pilot projects was meant to assess the impact of so-called LESIT technologies on energy consumption. (LESIT was a priority research program and a German acronym for power electronics, systems and information technology.) In this paper the institutional environment, applied methods and main results of the TA study are summarised. One of the questions that arose was whether it is reasonable to expect a high-tech engineering research program to serve any societal goals other than the more immediate technical and economic goals the research partners in university and industry are accustomed to follow. It was found that without special efforts this expectation was not realistic. Politically desirable goals are best served when enough emphasis, time, and money are given to the process of bringing together research partners from academia and industry who all have a (self-serving) interest in furthering the politically desirable goal and then support their collaboration.     

中国古代的和谐思想与构建和谐社会

中国传统文化源远流长、博大精深,其中有关"和谐"的思想非常丰富,如保合太和,以和为贵,天人合一,致虚静、道中庸,等等.这些思想既是中国传统文化的精髓和被认同的人文精神,又是今天我们实现社会和谐,构建和谐社会的重要思想资源.本文主要是从人总是生活于人与社会、人与人、人与自然、人与自身的四维空间之中,以及目前我国在现代化建设方面遇到的种种挑战的角度来梳理、审视中国古代和谐思想的,这无疑具有一定的历史和现实意义.     

关于重大工程编制移民安置规划并建立监测制度的思考

在移民安置量较大的建设工程准备阶段和实施阶段,可以考虑参照工程建设审批程序和实施过程中的质量监理制度,建立规范的移民安置规划审批制度和移民安置监测制度.移民安置规划制度从程序和内容对移民安置准备工作提出具体要求.对移民安置的实施要引入独立的外部监测机构,对安置工作进行监测评估.     

论以粮换林换草与河西地区的可持续发展--以武威地区为例

分析了武威地区可持续发展的主要生态环境问题,讨论了生态恢复与重建面临的困境,论证了以粮换林换草对促进区域可持续发展的必要性和有效性,指出了以粮换林换草中应进一步研究的问题,提出生态重建要坚持多措施并举。     

Absorbing Team Games

A team is a group of people having the same motives but possibly different available actions. A team game is a game where two teams face each other. An absorbing game is a repeated game where some of the entries are absorbing, in the sense that once they are chosen the play terminates, and all future payoffs are equal to the payoff at the stage of termination. We prove that every absorbing team game has an equilibrium payoff and that there are -equilibrium profiles with cyclic structure. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, C73.