CENTRAL AND EAST EUROPEAN TRADE ORIENTATION AND FDI FLOWS: PREPARATION FOR EU MEMBERSHIP

At the June 1997 Amsterdam Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) the heads of state of the 15 European Union (EU) nations decided to expand to the East. At the Luxembourg IGC in December 1997, they invited the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Estonia, and Solvenia from Central and East Europe (CEE) and Cyprus from the Mediterranean region to begin admission talks in early 1998. Efficient involvement in international trade and the division of labor through foreign direct investment (FDI) are two of the most important prerequisites to economic transformation, modernization, and sustained economic growth. Thus, trade reorientation by the CEE nations from the former Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) region to the OECD region in general and the EU in particu lar, as well as the volume and nature of inbound FDI are among the most reliable indicators of these countries' abilities to meet the EU admission standards. Trade reorientation by the CEE nations and FDI inflows between 1990 1995 have established a sound basis for effective economic transformation and modernization. It has also increased the ability of selected industries to compete in the EU Single Market. By 1997 the CEE nations were in a good position to generate sustained economic growth and to gradually meet the EU admission requirements.     

Euro-dollar real exchange rate misalignments： Is the euro overvalued？

This paper estimates both short term and long run relationship between the real bilateral EUR-USD exchange rate and its real determinants. In the long run, it finds that the non-stationary real exchange rate in levels is linearly co-integrated with real variables. Using an ordinary least squares method with error correction mechanism, it investigates real EUR-USD exchange rate misalignment in the short term. By analysing real variables and their influence on international trade and capital movements, potential economic policies capable of maintaining equilibrium in the balance of payments and avoiding currency overvaluation are considered.     

铁塔开合短角钢制孔准线的计算与分析

∶随着越来越多的新式的、复杂的钢结构出现在输电铁塔中，铁塔放样难度也日益增加，如750 kV新疆与西北主网联网SJC2314塔横担挂线位置就有个这样的特殊结构，该结构由合角角钢、连接板、焊接件组合而成，是挂输电导线用的组焊件。由于其特殊的用途，决定了这个组合件的重要地位不一般，所以放样就需要周密分析和计算。文章根据放样过程，结合车间加工实践来分析这类结构准线的计算、修正方法。     

Trade‐led growth hypothesis in Cuban commercial regimes since 19601,2

This study examines the impact of trade on Cuban growth during different commercial policy regimes spanning the period from 1960 up to 2004, encompassing two essential economic structural transformations: the Cuban revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall. For this purpose, the Granger causality is used by means of the modified Wald test for augmented‐level vector autoregressive model with integrated and cointegrated processes introduced by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lutekepohl (1996) . We show an import‐led growth hypothesis during the Soviet‐oriented pattern that is rejected after 1990, when exports are not only responsive to growth expansion but also to imports’ behaviour.     

红石水电站机组振动及诱发厂坝振动分析

红石水电站机组振动诱发了厂坝振动 ,通过现场振动试验、结构动力计算及模型试验 ,实现了振动故障诊断 ,并为进一步的加固处理和消减振动措施的实施提供了重要理论基础。     

关于水轮发电机组振动的全过程、全方位预防

对于水轮发电机组,要实现振动预防的目标,除了需要业主方面的重视并落实到位外,技术上也要有一个切实可行、便于操作的方法。本文以提纲的方式,提出了对水轮发电机组振动进行全过程、全方位预防的主要内容、看法和建议。落实这些方面的工作,就有可能避免或减少已有先例振动问题的重复出现。     

炳灵水电站灯泡机组状态监测初探

炳灵水电站的泄洪溢流明渠修建在厂房顶部，为中国首创的厂房过流式布置方式。电站选用5台48MW大型灯泡贯流机组，最大运行水头25．7m，转轮直径6．2m。枢纽设计要求厂顶溢流明渠泄洪时，机组能够稳定运行。机组运行工况复杂，枢纽和机组的振动以及可能的电气故障必须引起足够的重视。因此要对机组状态监测配置方案进行必要的探讨，提出本电站机组状态监测的配置要求，并重点指出贯流机组状态监测的存在问题，希望能够对大型贯流机组状态监测方案的配置提供有益的参考。     

地勘单位问题工程款的成因及对策

本文从逾期未付、垫付施工、质量纠纷等方面对问题工程款的成因进行了分析.通过这种方法,地勘单位可以增加市场份额,强化市场竞争手段.但是,问题工程款的逐年增加,有限资金的大量沉淀,也给地勘单位造成了许多不良后果.本文讨论了在事前、事中、事后三个阶段的相应对策.通过分析说明地勘单位对问题工程款管理不容忽视.     

三峡机组招标文件的特点剖析

三峡工程左岸电站14台单机容量700MW水轮发电机组实行国际招标，招标文件突出了三峡机组的特殊运行要求；体现了当前该领域的先进水平；突出了三峡机组招标采购的特定的时空特点；在商务、融资、技术转让、国内外企业合作方面作出了明确的表达。     

水口水电厂机组状态监测与诊断系统

水口水电厂建立了一套针对轴流特桨式机组、以实用为目的的状态监测与诊断系统。文中结合工程实践，全面描述了该系统的总体目标、设计原则、系统功能、系统总体结构、监测范围及测点布置、信号采集与预处理、软件系统组成及功能。