福建平潭风化花岗岩原位测试及岩土参数取值研究

因风化花岗岩具有结构性强,遇水软化、常规钻探取原状土样难等特点,所以通过常规土工试验获得的风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数往往偏小很多。为了合理确定风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数,以福建平潭某工程为项目背景,对福建平潭地区具有代表性且结构性强的风化花岗岩地层开展了旁压试验、标准贯入试验、剪切波速测试和平板载荷试验等系列原位力学特性试验研究,通过相关理论对原位试验结果进行了分析研究并推算了风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数。将旁压试验计算结果与平板载荷试验及室内试验进行了对比分析和验证,发现旁压试验计算结果与平板载荷试验推算的结果较为一致且明显大于室内试验结果。研究结果表明旁压试验结果在很大程度上反映了深部风化花岗岩的原状特性,利用旁压试验结果推算风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数是合理的。针对风化花岗岩,旁压试验是值得广泛推广应用的一种原位试验手段。     

木头峪水源地廊道取水允许开采量计算

简要分析了廊道的水流特征,通过引入等效渗透系数,构建廊道取水的渗流-管流耦合模型,并用之于陕北佳县木头峪水源地廊道取水工程,确定了开采方案,同时计算了开采方案枯水期廊道取水的允许开采量,最终确定木头峪地下水廊道开采方式允许开采量为16 900 m3/d。建立的廊道取水数学模型能较好地反映廊道的水流特征。     

基于奇异值分解算法的瑞雷波相速度反演研究

进行瑞雷波相速度反演时,在对其频散曲线的线性化过程中,因误差的引入会导致系数矩阵奇异或近似奇异。为解决此问题,利用奇异值分解算法进行瑞雷波相速度反演,可提高低速软弱夹层的反演精度和可靠性;反演时引入权重矩阵提高了数据分辨率;采用自适应修改阻尼因子以提高迭代效果并协调分辨率与解的关系。实测资料试算结果表明,利用奇异值分解算法对瑞雷波相速度进行反演,不但具有稳定性好、精度高、分辨能力强的特点,而且能自动分层和反演地层参数。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEDIMENT RESUSPENSION IN TAIHU LAKE UNDER DIFFERENT HYDRODYNAMIC DISTURBANCES

Contaminants resuspension in sediments induced by wind-wave could influence the water quality in shallow lakes. Resuspension of surface sediments from the Zhushan Bay, Taihu Lake was simulated under different wind forcing by using a pneumatic annular flume in this study. Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure flow velocity at each wind speed, and the characteristics of sediment resuspension were studied with the layered sampling technology. The experimental results show that the flow velocity increases with wind speed obviously and 6m/s is a critical wind speed which affected hydrodynamic conditions significantly. The distribution of flow velocity and water depth is different from that in ordinary open channel. With the enhanced hydrodynamic factors, the Suspended Solids Concentration (SSC) in water increases accordingly, and the incipient velocity of sediment resuspension is about 0.21 m/s. Based on the analysis of wind speed and average SSC in water column, the quantitative relationship is obtained. The SSC of the bottom layer is higher than the content of surface layer under different hydrodynamic conditions, and there are similar distributions between SSC and flow velocity in different water layers.     

THE EFFECT OF OIL CAVITY DEPTH ON TEMPERATURE FIELD IN HEAVY HYDROSTATIC THRUST BEARING

For a heavy hydrostatic bearing with a high linear velocity,the results of numerical calculations often differ from practical conditions if the viscosity is considered as constant.In this article,the influence of the oil cavity depth on the temperature field in the heavy hydrostatic bearing is discussed in the context of variable viscosity.The viscosity-temperature relations for the gap oil film are first established by fitting B-Spline curves,then,numerical calculations for the temperature field in the heavy hydrostatic bearing of different oil cavity depths are carried out based on Finite Volume Method (FVM) under the same rotating speed,and the influence of the oil cavity depth on the temperature distribution in the gap oil film of the hydrostatic bearing is discussed.The results of numerical calculations provide the temperature distribution state inside the hydrostatic bearing,which would help the selection and the design of hydrostatic bearings in engineering practice.     

西阜高速公路石家庄段弃渣场水保措施探析

针对西阜高速公路石家庄段建设过程中弃渣量大的实际情况,在分析弃渣场选址与治理思路的基础上,提出了工程措施、植物措施和临时拦挡措施相结合的综合防治体系,并对弃渣场水保措施进行典型设计。     

超临界直流锅炉冷态空气动力场研究

针对四角切圆锅炉水平烟道上普遍存在烟温偏差的情况,在河北国华定洲发电厂新建锅炉开展了冷态空气动力场试验,重点研究炉膛出口烟气流速分布情况。试验证明,通过调整分离燃尽风（SOFA）喷嘴的角度,能有效改变炉膛出口气流的分布,保证左、右烟气流速均匀,可满足锅炉正常运行的要求。     

水深测量误差对流量资料整编精度的影响分析

为了研究在测深杆悬挂流速仪法实测流量时,水深观读误差对流量成果精度的影响,作者采用实例数据进行了对比分析。结果表明,在测深杆迎水面和背水面观读水深时所产生的误差都会给流量测验精度带来较大影响,而且会引起水位～流量关系曲线的明显偏离,给流量资料整编成果带来较大误差,在一定程度上降低了河流流量资料的使用价值和精度标准。针对误差来源,提出了减少水深测量误差的具体建议。     

李官堡水源地地下水流场数值模拟及预测

随着工业规模的发展,各城市都面临着地下水资源如何科学利用的难题,北方缺水城市沈阳李官堡水源地就面临着新增工业造成的用水压力,如何对该水源地的水资源进行科学评价是合理取用水的前提。在对模拟区范围、边界条件和孔隙水介质进行概化和对水文地质参数及其他参数确定的基础上,将该区域地下水流系统概化为均质、各向同性、二维、潜水非稳定地下水流系统,运用GMS模型软件对研究区的地下水流场进行了数值模拟预测。通过模型识别和可靠性分析认为,所率定的模型参数符合实际且模型边界条件合理;预测认为该区域地下水资源量不能满足新增企业用水量9.8万m3/d的需求。该评价方法不仅具有应用和推广价值,而且具有为地下水资源科学规划提供科学依据的重要作用。     

双股射流壁面脉动压强与近壁紊动流速相关与频谱特性

本文用多通道动态压力检测系统和二维激光测速仪对在单股和双股射流作用下,水垫塘底板脉动压强与近壁脉动流速的相关,功率谱和紊动比尺进行了测试研究。实测表明,双股射流形成的动水扩建在塘底水平方向的脉动使得双股射流在第二冲击点下游的脉动量特性与单股射流不同：前者的水平脉动速度与脉动压强的互相关系数较后者明显增大,且水平脉动速度和脉动压强的功率谱具有大致相同的优势频率。单股和双股射流塘底脉动压强系数与近壁紊