小浪底水库坝前漏斗区泥沙测验分析

小浪底水库坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,直接影响到枢纽建筑物的安全运行。为了保持塔前“门前清,”掌握坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,保证水库进入拦沙后期和正常运用期的正常运用,对坝前漏斗区进行了泥沙测验分析。结果表明:目前漏斗区范围内纵向坡度较缓,尚没有明显的漏斗形成,仅在坝前和塔前200m×1000m范围形成了漏斗雏形。     

我国突发性水资源污染事故应急机制的若干问题评述

基于突发性水资源污染事故应急处理现状的分析,对目前我国突发性水资源污染事故防范和应急机制的建立进行探讨,指出当前工作中的三大缺陷,并有针对性地提出如何加快防范突发性水资源污染事故以及建立相关应急机制的进程的若干措施,包括突发污染事故的隐患调查、脆弱性评价、水质预报、动态监测以及应急组织机构等方面,以期能为我国减少突发性水资源污染事故及其损失提供一定的理论分析依据。     

An Evaluation of Public Concerns About Water Management in the Palestinian Territory Pre,During, and Post the National Uprising

We have evaluated the extent of public concerns about water management in the Palestinian Territory (PT) through a survey of the main Palestinian newspaper over the last thirteen years divided in three periods: pre (1984–1987), during (1988–1991), and post national uprising period (1992–1996). The public concern in the PT about various water management aspects was clear and influenced by the prevailing political conditions indicating (1) poor concerns in the first and second period where full Israeli military control of the PT and harsh practices prevailed with relatively more emphasis on regional water issues and (2) extensive-strong concerns in the third period when the peace process started and a partial lift of some of the Israeli water practices took place, along with an increased freedom in expressing public concerns which was granted with more emphasis on local issues and problems. Lack and limitation of water available to Palestinians, alternative solutions, and water quality and pollution control constituted the overwhelming majority of the topics of concern to the public for the three periods studied. Palestinian concerns were always greater than regional ones for the three periods and all of the topics considered. Public concern in the PT about all other water management aspects was poor and negligible especially in the first two periods. A massive increase in public concern has been observed in the third period in which the public expressed their concern over most water management aspects, indicating a possible change in public attitude toward water and water management and reflecting the change of the political status by the start of the peace process and the signing of the peace agreements.     

关于供排水管网的水力计算和校核

以往对电站技术供排水系统大都未进行水力平差计算，致使一些实际电站的供排水系统达不到预期的效果，甚至影响机组的正常运行。据此，给出了供排水管网的平差计算方法，有利于正确评估电站管网，另外，提出了管网校核应注意的问题。     

鄱阳湖流域水土保持与防洪治涝

鄱阳湖流域水土流失加剧了洪涝灾害。治理水土流失能增强山丘地涵养水源的能力,削洪减沙,减少库容损失,降低河床,具有明显的防洪效益。进行流域防洪规划时,应将防治水土流失与防洪治涝结合起来,因地制宣,综合治理。     

黄河中游多沙粗沙区水沙控制途径的探讨

根据黄河中游多沙粗区暴雨洪水及产流产沙特点，提出了为控制水沙危害，黄河中游治理应分两步走的战略。第一步解决近期水沙控制和耕地问题，主要措施是建设淤地坝和骨干坝。研究表明，在现状坝地，梯田条件下，为满足粮食生产需要，每平方公里需新增坝地３．１８ｈａ，且能港口控制水沙的要求。第二步是进行坡面治理，改善生态环境，以达到根治水沙的目的。     

挟沙水流中沙粒对底壁湍流猝发的影响

本文在常规的边界层方程中保留了法向压力梯度项和增加了固粒对流体的使用项，结合Ｂａｔｃｈｅｏｌｒ对交界面提供的分析方法和小扰动稳定性理论，由理论分析和计算得到了包括沙粒之类的悬浮体的尺寸，比重，流动Ｒｅ数，两相速度差以及扰动波数与水流底壁湍流猝发角的关系，计算结果与Ｒａｓｈｉｄｉ等的实验结果相符。文中所得结果有助于进一步了解江河底部水流的流动特性以及泥沙的沉积和输运机理。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STREAMBED HEAT TRANSFER

１．　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｔｒｅａｍｗａｔｅｒｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｉｓｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆｒｉｖｅｒｉｃｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ［１］　．Ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌｌｙ，ｔｈｅｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａｌｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｎｄｆａｔｅｏｆｈｅａｔｉｎａｗａｔｅｒｂｏｄｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｆｏｒｖａｒｉｏｕｓｒｅ…     

高速公路建设水土流失防治研究

本文以西南地区的几条高速公路为例,阐述了高速公路建设项目水土流失的特点及防治对策,将工程措施与植物措施相结合并积极地采用新方法、新技术,从而有效地改善公路沿线的生态环境.     

小浪底水库调水调沙运用对大坝变形的影响分析

自2002年以来,小浪底水库汛前利用预泄汛限水位以上水量、腾空防洪库容的有利时机,连续5年进行集中调水调沙,获得了巨大的减淤效益.但在调水调沙期间,由于大流量下泄,水库水位下降较快,大坝变形明显增大,表现为水平位移向上游变化、垂直位移加速沉降变化的特点.监测分析结果表明,调水调沙运用不影响大坝安全稳定运行.