积极推进城乡水务一体化管理建立水资源管理的新体制

分析了现行水资源管理体制带来的管理界限不清、“政出多门”、加剧供需矛盾、制约水资源可持续利用和有效保护等弊端 ,从水资源的物质特性、产权特点及其面临的洪涝灾害、干旱缺水、水污染和水浪费等问题论述了实行城乡水务一体化管理的必要性。提出必须由水行政主管部门代表国家对城市和农村的防洪、排涝、蓄水、供水、用水、节水、排水、污水处理及回用等涉水事务实行一体化行政管理 ,才能从根本上实现水资源的优化配置 ,为社会与经济可持续发展提供水资源保障。并对推进水务一体化管理提出了几点措施     

水生生物环境诊断(AOD)技术应用研究

介绍一种新型的毒性试验方法——水生生物环境诊断(AOD)技术，该方法将冷冻浓缩和生物测试技术有机地相结合，较好地解决了低毒性水体的毒性测试问题。应用本项技术以红鳍鱼为受试生物，分别对湖北武汉马伧湖、墨水湖、广东深圳河、长江干流寸滩等几个断面、丹江口水库白河、丹江河口、老灌河等不同水体进行AOD测试，所得48hr-LC\-50结果与实际水质状况基本相符。     

建立水利工程管理运行新机制的思考

水利工程管理体制改革，是党中央、国务院根据我国经济和社会可持续发展需要，针对我国水利工作存在的突出问题做出的一项重大决策，通过改革，初步建立了职能清晰、权责明确、管理科学、经营规范、管养分离的新的水利工程管理体制。从根本上改变了过去长期形成的水利工程管理体制不顺、机制不活、经费不足、工程失修、安全不保的局面。     

当前水价改革中迫切需要注意的问题

加强水价改革，提高水价，促进节约用水，已经成为全社会关注的焦点。在节约用水和水资源优化配置条件下如何确定水价，水价构成及供水企业的合理成本与利润，以及资源水价的分配和用途是当前水价改革中亟须研究探讨和重视的问题。商品水价应该包括三个部分：一是资源水价，二是工程水价，三是环境水价。只有包括资源因素的水价，才能真正发挥水价在水资源的优化配置和合理利用方面的调节作用。     

计算机多媒体技术在水利行业中的应用

文章详细介绍了计算机多媒体技术的特点和该技术在水利工程中记录施工、图纸资料保存、声像文字资料保存、大型工程管理等工作中的应用,阐述了制作多媒体软件的方法和应注意的问题.     

Tax Base and Crowding‐in Effects of Balanced Budget Fiscal Policy

A dynamic general equilibrium business cycle model is constructed with staggered price adjustment, monopolistic wage setting and distortionary taxation. The government purchases goods, runs an unemployment benefit system and balances its budget through a proportional tax on labour income. A temporary tax‐financed increase in government expenditures can lower the tax rate through a demand‐induced widening of the tax base. It is shown analytically that this allows private consumption to rise, under realistic conditions, despite the negative wealth effect of increased fiscal spending.     

Phosphorus Inputs to Lake Simcoe from 1990 to 2003: Declines in Tributary Loads and Observations on Lake Water Quality

Total phosphorus (TP) inputs to Lake Simcoe have led to hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion and loss of cold water fish habitat. Since 1990, efforts have been made to reduce the total TP input to the lake below a defined target of 75 t/year, which was predicted to lead to reductions in spring TP concentration and improvements in end-of-summer hypolimnetic DO concentrations. The total TP load to the lake during the most recent period of record (1998/99-2003/04) ranged from 53 to 76 t/yr and averaged 67 t/yr, compared to an average of 114 t/yr estimated between 1990/91 and 1997/98 (range 85-157 t/yr). Reductions in TP loads from the catchment via tributary discharge (∼26 t) accounted for the majority of the decrease in total load between the two time periods. Total P concentrations decreased significantly in four out of six long-term monitored tributaries; however, concentrations in all six tributaries remain above the level recommended to avoid nuisance plant growth (30 μg/L). Although TP loads to the lake are currently below the target 75 t/yr, excessive growths of filamentous algae and macrophytes continue to be a problem in the nearshore zone. End-of-summer minimum hypolimnetic DO concentrations (average 4.3 mg/L, 1998/99-2003/04) remain substantially below the level (7 mg/L) that is considered protective of lake trout. Efforts to reduce TP loads to the lake therefore need to continue.     

膜技术在农村饮水工程中的应用

本文结合农村饮用水水源污染及饮水安全现状，分析了传统水处理技术的局限性，详述了膜技术尤其是超滤应用于农村改水工程的技术经济可行性。大量的工程实践表明，膜技术能够处理农村各类劣质水源，使群众喝上优质、安全、负担得起的饮用水，非常适用于农村饮用水净化处理。     

国外大型调水工程渠道运行控制综述

与常规的以经验为主的运行方式相比，考虑了水动力学影响、以多渠池串联的整个渠道系统为研究对象的渠道运行控制在增加调水工程的安全性、降低运行成本、提高输水效率等方面能取得更佳的效果。国外关于调水工程渠道控制的研究起步较早，基于非线性偏微分圣维南方程组发展了多种离散化、线性化等简化方法，建立了相应的控制模型，并从不同角度确定了其控制方法以及控制算法。参考已有的研究思路和方法，总结国外渠道运行控制的成果，对我国南水北调工程的运行控制有着重要的借鉴意义。     

Shift in thinking to address the 21st century hunger gap

The present water policy debate is dominated by the 30 yr old mission to secure water supply and sanitation to all people. The water needed to produce a nutritionally acceptable diet for one person is however 70 times as large as the amount needed for domestic water supply. The food security dilemma is largest in arid climate regions, a situation constituting a formidable challenge. It is suggested that an additional 5 600 km³/yr of consumptive water use will be needed to produce an adequate amount of food by 2050 – i.e almost a doubling of today’s consumptive use of 6800 km³/yr. Past misinterpretations and conceptual deficiencies show the importance of a shift in thinking. Combining the scale of the challenge and the time scale of the efforts to feed humanity and eradicate hunger leads to an impression of great urgency. This urgency strengthens the call for international research both for supporting agricultural upgrading, and for much better handling of issues of environmental sustainability. What stands out is the need of a new generation of water professionals, able to handle complexity and able to incorporate water implications of land use and of ecosystem health in integrated water resources management. It will for those reasons be essential and urgent to upgrade the educational system to producing this new generation.