能源化工企业科技项目后评估研究

科技项目后评估对于能源化工企业科技创新能力及科技管理水平的提升具有十分重要的作用,目前尚缺乏在理论上建立后评估指标及设计后评估方法。在实地调查国内大型能源化工科技管理部门的基础上,设计并发放了调查问卷,借助spss14.0和amos4.0统计分析软件对所收集的数据进行处理,经过筛选与检验构建了能源化工企业后评估指标体系。选用模糊综合评判作为能源化工企业科技项目后评估的方法,并设计了具体的评价步骤,研究结果对企业科技项目管理实践具有一定的理论指导意义。     

The Limits of Organizational Change

The paper builds on the Marxist concept of exploitation to explore the meaning of the Post Keynesian notion of uncertainty. Uncertainty is mediated by institutions and is distributed unevenly among different social groups. As different historical social formations entail different institutional structures, the distribution and nature of uncertainty will also differ. The social configurations between class relations and uncertainty are analyzed for the capitalist, feudal and slave modes of production. It is demonstrated that modes of production do not only imply specific exploitative relations but also different relative distributions of uncertainty amongst classes. The joining of Marxian and Post Keynesian approaches allows for a richer understanding of exploitive relations and illuminates the full societal impact of uncertainty. It is shown that only in capitalism is the exploited class exposed to a substantial degree of economic uncertainty.     

The State,Public Policy and Heterodox Economics: An Introduction

While most heterodox economists endorse some amount of policy activism, there is no unified conception of the state and public policy in heterodox economics. To help clarify the similarities and differences within heterodoxy – and between heterodox and mainstream economics – a panel addressing this subject was convened in 2007 at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Institutional Thought. This article introduces the essays prepared for that symposium. They include an examination of the position of Marx and Engels, a clarification of the institutionalist views of Veblen and Commons, an outline of the perspective of Post Keynesian Institutionalism, and an account of some essential contributions of Classical Pragmatism (a major school of thought within the philosophy of science). The collection advances what Robert Heilbroner called “the worldly philosophy” by seeking to understand the role of the state in a world where institutions, defined broadly as social habits, adjust to other institutions.

中国农村邮政物流的主要特点及其发展方向探讨

本文考察了农村邮政物流的现状,分析了农村邮政物流的主要特点,并在此基础上提出了农村邮政物流的发展方向。     

2015年后国际发展议程谈判评析

发展问题是联合国大会的核心议题之一。随着落实联合国千年发展目标最后期限的临近,如何制定2015年后国际发展议程越来越受到世界各方的关注。从目前来看,千年发展目标的实施进展喜中有忧,这对2015年后国际发展议程谈判中各方产生很大的影响。虽然2015年后国际发展议程谈判尚处于预备性谈判阶段,但发达国家、发展中国家和市民社会等主要参与方的立场已逐渐成型,未来谈判的一些基本态势已经显现。     

Tourism product development and the changing consumer demand: A case study of Kenya

Kenya is an important tourist destination in Africa accounting for over 6% of the total international tourist arrivals to the continent. However, in recent years Kenya's tourism industry has been experiencing problems of poor performance and continuing decline in the number of international tourist arrivals. This study examines the main characteristics of the country's tourism product vis‐a‐vis the changing trends in global tourism market demands. It is argued that the underlying cause of the recent poor performance of the tourism industry relates to the nature of the country's tourism product. Over the years, Kenya has been offering a limited tourism product that is based on beach and wildlife tourism. Also, the marketing of Kenya mainly depends on overseas tour operators who mainly sell inclusive tour packages. Thus, the form of tourism product that is offered by Kenya has not responded to the recent changes and trends in international tourism market demands. Post‐modern tourists, particularly tourists from developed countries, are increasing becoming aware of the negative impacts of mass tourism and are increasingly looking for alternative tourism products that provide a deeper and more meaningful experience. Thus, if Kenya is to rejuvenate its tourism industry there is need for the country to provide a diverse alternative tourism product which is more appealing to the post‐modern tourists.     

The Effect of Short Selling on Market Reactions to Earnings Announcements*

This paper examines the effect of the inherent demand implied by short interest by studying how stock price reactions to earnings announcements depend on the level of short interest. We find that, for extreme good and bad news events, the inherent demand increases stock prices around the earnings announcement date, with the effect being stronger for good news relative to bad news. Specifically, the initial market reaction to an extreme positive earnings surprise is larger for firms with high levels of short interest. On the other hand, for an extreme negative earnings surprise event, the initial market reaction is less negative for heavily shorted firms. Furthermore, we find that the post‐earnings‐announcement drift is smaller (larger) in magnitude for extreme positive (negative) earnings surprises for the heavily shorted firms.     

When Are Investors Rational?

Taking our cue from certain recent advances in experimental psychology, the authors propose a plausible theory of conflict between rationality and inherent behavioral biases of investors. In this theory no investor is fully rational or fully behavioral at all times. An investor faces a continuum between behavioral and rational positions. A movement toward rationality is a choice; it is costly to be fully rational which requires serious mental calculations. On the other hand, there could be some benefits to rationality in special circumstances that compensate for the costs. Using a unique and extensive investor-level database, the authors show that the degree of nonrationality decreases as rational behavior becomes more attractive. In the empirical setting, the proxy for rational behavior is investor's use of private predisclosure information during earnings announcement periods, while the disposition effect they display serves as an estimate of their behavioral bias. The paper contributes to the existing literature in several dimensions.     

日本“后新长期规定”对汽车PM排放的技术要求研究

文章从PM排放限值、试验要求以及PM的收集、称量与计算3个方面深入分析了日本轻型和中型机动车＂后新长期规定＂中的PM排放技术要求,并对日本汽车PM排放技术要求的发展趋势进行了预测。通过对日本最新汽车排放法规PM排放技术要求的研究,对我国制定相关排放法规及进行汽车出口认证提供参考。