欧债危机的根源及对策分析——基于最优货币区内生性理论

根据最优货币区内生性理论,加入最优货币区的决定取决于一体化、对称性和劳动力市场弹性三种内生性。美国次贷危机导致欧元区对称性下降,金融一体化、劳动力市场弹性不足和财政转移支付等补偿机制的缺失,使得欧元区未能形成最优货币区。欧元区必须通过要素市场改革和推进财政一体化等措施,才能走出困境。     

俄罗斯人口与移民状况

20世纪末21世纪初,俄罗斯爆发了第四次人口危机,这次人口危机发生在和平年代,人口出生率小于人口死亡率,俄罗斯每年减少近100万人口。由于＂缺人＂,许多村庄荒芜,大量工作无人干,西伯利亚和远东的开发也是纸上谈兵。俄罗斯政府若再不考虑从国外移民,国家将面临＂无人为继＂的尴尬局面。从＂外来移民计划＂、＂优秀人才向外移民严重＂、＂外国劳工人数下降＂和＂中国威胁论＂四个方面论述了俄罗斯人口与移民状况,说明必须增加外来高素质移民来抵消人口危机给俄罗斯的经济社会发展带来的负面影响。     

业绩衰退企业实现反转研究综述

多年来,学术界对于企业衰退之后的反转问题进行了大量研究,也形成了丰富的研究成果。本文围绕反转的界定、反转的背景、反转的过程、反转的战略这四个方面,对有关反转研究及其成果进行了梳理,并对该领域的未来研究进行了展望。     

Failure to learn from failure: The 2008 mortgage crisis as a déjà vu of the mortgage meltdown of 1994

This article traces the developments in the market for residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS) during the period 1970–2008. Drawing on an analysis of trade publications, business press, and interviews with practitioners, it shows that an MBS market meltdown in 1994 provided clear signals of problems with MBS. The market participants did not re-evaluate their use of risk management tools or adjust security design in response to the 1994 crisis, suggesting a lack of understanding of the implications of the crisis. The 1994 meltdown showed that MBS were vulnerable to systematic risks and that these risks could precipitate an MBS market crash. Furthermore, the 1994 meltdown demonstrated that large-scale investment in MBS could affect the primary mortgage market, thereby rendering the MBS risks unpredictable. After 1994, MBS investment shifted to MBS backed by mortgages with default risk – a development that led to the crash of 2008. By drawing parallels between the 1994 and 2008 crises, this article shows how the MBS market failed to self-correct. The results suggest that financial market participants do not always incorporate relevant information in their decision-making and that market participants have difficulties in both foreseeing the effect of financial innovations on markets and interpreting these effects.     

互联网金融、存款竞争与银行流动性创造

作为一种新兴的金融业态,互联网金融会通过存款竞争对商业银行流动性创造产生影响。存款竞争分为存款规模竞争与付息成本竞争两种。采用2007—2018年我国106家商业银行非平衡面板数据,运用多重中介效应模型检验“互联网金融→存款规模/付息成本→银行流动性创造”的内在传导机制,研究表明：互联网金融通过挤压存款规模、抬高付息成本两种存款竞争中介渠道削弱了商业银行流动性创造职能;相对于互联网渠道构筑业态,互联网支付结算业态、互联网资源配置业态、互联网财富管理业态挤压银行存款规模并抬高付息成本的存款竞争效应更为显著;在存款规模竞争方面,国有、较高资产规模和较高资本水平的商业银行被挤压的存款规模更大;在付息成本竞争方面,股份制及城市商业银行、较小资产规模和较低资本水平的商业银行付息成本被抬高得更多;互联网金融通过存款竞争影响商业银行流动性创造的途径分表内和表外途径两种,存款规模竞争和付息成本竞争机制在这两种途径中都显著存在。因此,政府部门应对互联网金融的扩张加以正确的引导和管控,商业银行要积极推进业务转型,并不断优化金融生态链。     

美国金融危机根源的解读及对中国的启示

一切危机都是源于根本矛盾的集中爆发,导火索只是必然中的偶然。在由次贷风波引爆的美国金融危机波及全球的背景之下,重新审视两大经济学范式下的三种危机理论,全面把握经济危机的本质和根源,深入解读资本主义经济危机,探索化解经济危机理论和政策,对于中国社会主义市场经济的发展有着十分重要的启示。     

Financial Stress Regimes and the Macroeconomy

Some financial stress events lead to macroeconomic downturns, while others appear to be isolated to financial markets. We identify financial stress regimes using a model that explicitly links financial variables to macro‐economic outcomes. The stress regimes are identified using an unbalanced panel of financial variables with an embedded method for variable selection. Our identified stress regimes are associated with corporate credit tightening and with NBER recessions. An exogenous deterioration in our financial conditions index has strong negative effects in economic activity, and negative amplification effects on inflation in the stress regime. These results are obtained with a novel factor‐augmented vector autoregressive model with smooth‐transition regimes (FASTVAR).     

家族企业的危机管理及危机预警系统的构建

家族企业危机主要包括外部环境变化带来的危机和由内部因素带来的危机两大类型。家族企业危机管理对家族企业的生存与发展具有极其重要的意义。家族企业危机预警系统具体由危机监测系统、危机识别系统、危机诊断系统、危机评价系统和危机预处理系统五个子系统构成。家族企业危机预警评价指标体系的设计与警度预报是家族企业危机预警系统构建中的一项重要内容。     

基于Z值模型的上市公司财务预警分析——以北京市为例

如何运用财务预警系统揭示企业面临的财务危机,是国内外财务研究的一大难题。从Z值模型角度,从北京市A股上市公司中选取8家ST、*ST和13家经营良好的公司作为样本,进行实证分析,Z值模型对北京市上市公司财务预警具有一定的有效性,在我国具体运用Z值模型时还应注意我国会计制度与国际惯例的距离,样本指标的畸变,财务报表真实客观性,企业政策等因素。