Social Comparisons in Ultimatum Bargaining

Experiments are used to examine the effects of social comparisons in ultimatum bargaining. We inform responders about the average offer before they decide whether to accept or reject their specific offer. This significantly increases offers and offer‐specific rejection probabilities. For comparison, we consider another change in informational conditions: telling responders the total pie is $30—ex ante it was either $15 or $30—affects offers and rejection probabilities roughly as much. Our results are consistent with people’s dislike for deviations from the norm of equity but inconsistent with fairness theories, where people dislike income disparity between themselves and their referents.     

New Labour and Community Protests: the Case of the Govanhill Swimming Pool Campaign, Glasgow

Taking the case study of a community based protest against the closure of a swimming pool in Glasgow, this paper seeks to raise important critical questions about some of the key ideas informing New Labour's urban policy agenda: social capital and active community. It argues that normative notions of active citizenship seriously conflict with bottom-up community protests, highlighting in the process issues of power and inequality. Against claims that New Labour is promoting government through community, here we claim that in the context of this community protest, there was government against community.     

Out of the Mouths of Babes: Business Ethics and Youths in Asia

A model of corporate ethics and social responsibility (CESR) was developed and empirically tested among Chinese business undergraduates in Hong Kong and Singapore. As predicted, it was found that CESR beliefs were negatively related to Machiavellianism and two Confucian concepts, guanxi (interpersonal connections) and mianzi (face). CESR beliefs were also lower among Hong Kong than Singaporean youths. The negative effects of guanxi, mianzi, and Machiavellianism were more pronounced for the Hong Kong than Singapore sample. Implications of these findings are discussed and directions for future research suggested.     

转型背景下的社会心理优化

社会转型带来的一项艰巨工作就是解决人们的不良社会心理问题.如何从理论上探索优化社会心理的方法.这是当前构建和谐辽宁急需解决的理论问题.通过对辽宁地区不良社会心理的特点、不良社会心理的形成原因与机制的解析,提出优化社会心理要发挥舆论导向、营造社会公正公平环境、切实解决民生问题、建立有效心理疏导机制、不断提高科学思维能力等心理疏导路径.     

企业社会责任若干问题探析

企业社会责任一直是社会关注的热点问题,文章对企业社会责任的性质、企业社会责任的范围与结构以及企业社会责任法律化等问题进行了分析,对有争议的一些问题进行了梳理与厘清,并提出了企业社会责任法律化应遵循的若干原则。     

提升农村公共危机管理能力——建设社会主义新农村的必经之路

2006年关于三农的\"一号文件\"提出了建设社会主义新农村的战略构想,为了建设社会主义新农村,我们必须认清我国农村潜伏的危机,并力图提升我国农村公共危机管理的能力.关于农村公共危机,文章着重分析了我国目前农村公共危机的五种类型,最后根据张成福的\"全面整合\"模式提出了提升农村公共危机管理能力的七种途径.     

我国城市居民最低生活保障标准的影响因素与效应研究

近年来,我国各地城市居民最低生活保障标准不断提升.本文利用我国36个城市1998-2005年的面板数据,分析影响城市居民最低生活保障标准动态变迁的经济、政治和社会因素及其影响效应,结果显示:城市居民最低生活保障制度是最低生活保障而非基本生活保障;"低保"标准并未有效地缩小贫富差距;"低保"标准对贫困者就业意愿具有较弱的负效应.针对上述问题,笔者提出建议:对应经济社会的发展动态提高标准、施行分层梯度式"低保"标准以及建立互动支持系统,促进"低保"受益者就业.     

社会公平:构建和谐社会的重要基石

公平是社会经济持续发展的基础和保障,是构建和谐社会的重要基石.解决我国社会生活中的公平问题,特别是分配领域的公平问题,是构建社会主义和谐社会的基本需要.必须营造一个维护社会公平的制度环境,完善社会分配机制,完善社会保障制度.     

农民工社会认同的形成——基于建筑业农民工的考察

农民工的社会认同关系到这个群体城市融入的问题。依据对建筑业农民工群体实地考察和问卷调查,探讨社会结构和制度安排如何建构了农民工群体的归属感问题。对社会认同的研究不仅要关注宏观制度结构因素对群体的身份地位的作用和影响,还应从微观的角度,分析制度设置是如何建构成员对群体的依附、归属并建构出群体边界的问题。只有改善农民工的劳动条件,提高他们的保障水平,这个群体才有可能融入城市。