Institutional design and the closure of public facilities in transition economies

As part of the reforms of their systems for financing and delivering health care, many transition economies, particularly in central and eastern Europe, have adopted national insurance funds that are institutionally separate from ministries of health. Most of these countries have also grappled with the problem of restructuring the delivery system, especially the need to reduce hospital capacity. Although improving the performance of medical care providers through a shift from passive budgeting to explicitly incentive mechanisms is important, why this change in financial relations between the government and providers could not be implemented simply by reforming the role of health ministries is not obvious. This paper presents an explicit rationale for the separation of powers between the regulator (the ministry of health) and the financing body (the insurance fund), based on the inability of a single agency to commit to closing hospitals. JEL classification: L51, P20, P35, I18.     

Optimising a Probabilistic Model of the Development of Play in Soccer

We present a probabilistic model based on the one developed by Hernández Mendo and Anguera (Revista de Psicologíca Social, 16(1), 71–93, 2001). Here we have tried to break down the interaction contexts that the opposing teams are able to generate and transform during the game. We are aware that a given player or team does not produce consistent behaviour in similar situations. However, a degree of uncertainty is assumed to exist regarding whether the results obtained are a specific function of the analysis used. In order to carry out this research a category system which optimized that used in the previous model was developed. This system should enable the interaction between teams to be observed within the actual play of a soccer game. A lag sequential analysis was performed on the basis of a coding of the behavioural flow. After describing the behavioural patterns obtained a probabilistic model of the development of play in soccer is proposed.     

论＂无为而无不为＂命题的伦理依寓

＂无为而无不为＂命题只有依寓在道德王国里才能获得现实可能性。该命题的行为主体所指——圣人内涵着对崇高品性追求的伦理预设,其前提条件＂无不为＂和＂无为＂必然关涉到圣人＂为天下式＂和＂功遂身退＂的道德内蕴,＂圣人之道为而不争＂决定了该命题的语境性质全在伦理一维。     

“室内设计原理”课程的教学改革探讨

＂室内设计原理＂课程是室内设计方向的主干课程之一,在专业课程教学中占有重要的地位。针对＂室内设计原理＂课程的教学现状及存在的问题,提出从教学方法、教学手段及考核评价机制入手对＂室内设计原理＂课程教学改革进行探讨,以期成为室内设计方向其他专业课程教学改革的重要切入点。     

园林景观规划设计与地域文化

地域文化的缺失导致园林景观规划设计及其实施效果呈现雷同的趋势,通过提出规划设计中地域文化的范畴和意义,强调了体现地域文化在规划设计中的重要性。借助三个实际的规划设计案例从宏观角度提出规划概念应与地域自然特点、人文特点等要素有机结合,从而从微观角度提出设计可采用保留、抽取、融合、再现等手法来体现地域文化。此外,在规划设计中运用地域文化应该注意契合性、创新性、烂漫性及可实施性等的几个方面的问题。     

高职院校《会计综合实训》课程改革探析——以山西经济管理干部学院会计专业为例

高职院校的《会计综合实训》课程是培养会计专业学生会计综合实践技能的重要课程,对于提高会计专业学生的实际操作能力,实现零距离就业起到了重要的作用.目前,大多数高职院校开设的会计综合实训课程并没有实现真正的理实一体,在实训效果上也不太理想.本文针对该课程的现状,以山西经经济管理干部学院会计专业为例,主要从实训目标、实训程序与要求、实训方法和实训考核上对《会计综合实训》课程的教学改革进行探讨.     

基于工作过程课程改革的探索与实践

课程教学模式与教学方法的改革是基于工作过程课程的教学改革能够顺利实施的重要保障。本文从课程教学模式和教学方法改革方面阐述了基于工作过程的高职模具设计与制造专业《机构设计与应用》学习领域课程的改革方法和内容,该课程将企业技术改造、维修和更新的工作任务转化为学习任务,有利于提高模具专业人才培养质量。     

高校经管类课程教师与网络教学模式的适切性——基于CBAM的分析

任课教师在经管类课程网络教学模式的改革中发挥着至关重要的作用。教师与网络教学模式的适切性是经管类网络课程改革取得实效的关键所在。此次研究以＂关注为本采用模式＂（CBAM）为基础,对南京邮电大学经济与管理学院和通达学院部分教师进行了调查。结果表明：教师对经管类网络课程模式的认同度高于实施度;网络教学模式下的经管类教师的教育观念和教学方式有了明显的转变;评价模式滞后降低了经管类网络课程的实施水平。     

从用人单位英语需求角度看高职英语课程改革

通过分析用人单位对应聘者英语水平的要求情况,结合目前高职英语课程设置的状况,提出了高职英语课程改革的可行性建议。为使高职毕业生的英语水平达到用人单位的需求,应引入多元化英语测试体系,采用＂1＋X＂课程设置模式,积极推广职业英语。     

窨井盖设计:创意与功能的定位考察--从城市规划的文化品位视角

本文介绍了欧美国家及日本的城市窨井盖创意思路,剖析了我国城市规划中窨井盖设计的问题及现状,提出了在保证窨井盖实现其市政设施功能的同时,赋予其更多的功能,如：指示路标功能、广告宣传功能、传承地方文化功能等。本文意在强调要以新颖的设计创意与多元功能定位的思路,给予窨井盖以持久鲜活的生命与活力,增添文化元素,提高窨井盖功能,这有助于提升市政规划的文化品位。