Optimum currency areas and the European experience

Across nations or regions, the debate on optimum exchange rate cum monetary policies is not yet resolved on three levels. First is the optimum domain of fixed exchange rates versus keeping them flexible. Second is the subordinate debate on whether one needs full monetary union (as in continental Europe) to secure an optimum currency area's internal domain; or, whether virtually fixed exchange rates — where national currencies remain in circulation — can be sufficient. Third is whether a regional grouping of economies with close trade ties (as in East Asia) gain by collectively pegging to an outside currency such as the US dollar. Using an axiomatic approach, which limits the set of cross‐country financial claims to what is feasible, I analyse how best to both share and reduce macroeconomic risks on these three levels. JEL classification: F31, F36.     

Foreign debt and economic growth

This paper empirically examines the relationship between government foreign debt and the growth rate of per capita GDP based on a total sample of 77 countries, as well as sub‐samples of various regions. Cross‐sectional estimates of the coefficient of foreign debt based on the total sample have a negative sign, but are not always statistically significant. Available data from African countries indicate that foreign debt and the growth rate of per capita GDP were negatively related at a high level of significance. For industrialized and Latin American sub‐samples, this relationship is negative but statistically insignificant. The sub‐sample Asian and other developing countries show a positive but insignificant relationship. JEL classification: F34, H6, O23.     

对外贸易对我国生态环境影响的实证分析

学术界对对外贸易与生态环境的关系还存在争论。本文建立了对外贸易影响环境的投入产出分析模型，并以此模型为基础，利用我国2002年投入产出表和我国能源消费数据，对我国2002年对外贸易对环境的影响进行了实证分析，得出了对外贸易有利于我国生态环境改善的结论。     

外国对中国反倾销的措施及我国的应对策略

反倾销问题是近年来我国对外贸易中的热门话题，该项贸易保护措施对我国企业的频繁使用使我国企业蒙受巨大损失，也成为我国国际贸易发展的重大障碍。面对这种局面，我国政府和企业应加强协调配合，同时各司其职、各负其责，政府应加强宏观调控，同时完善反倾销应诉机制，促进和国外的交流与合作；企业应规范内部管理，优化出口结构，建立灵活的经营策略，只有这样才能最大限度地维护我国企业的利益     

论毛泽东的对外开放思想

毛泽东的思想不是封闭的。早在革命战争时期，毛泽东的对外开放思想就非常明显，主要表现在引进外援方面。建国后，毛泽东的对外开放思想有所发展。本文主要从四个方面探讨毛泽东的对外开放思想。     

碳关税对我国外贸产生的影响及应对策略

气候大会的相继召开说明各国越来越重视气候变化,发展低碳经济已经成为世界共识。发达国家提出碳关税的概念,以求减少全球二氧化碳排放,引起了以中国为首的发展中国家强烈的反对。主要介绍碳关税的含义、由来以及目前实施的现状,分析征收碳关税将对我国外贸产生的巨大影响,最后从国内和国际两个层面提出应对碳关税的措施。     

我国对外技术依存度的测算及浅析

建设创新型国家成为国家的战略目标,而对外技术依存度的高低成为衡量创新型国家的一个重要指标。针对当前对外技术依存度算法的不足,提出一种全新的测算方法,从技术依存度的内涵出发系统地构造衡量指标和计量模型,运用因子分析方法对我国对外技术依存度进行了测算,并简析其原因。结果显示,中国的对外技术依存度在快速提高,并处于很高的水平,表明我国的技术对外依赖程度非常高,经济技术发展受制于人,我国亟需加强自主创新。     

我国对外直接投资规避反倾销的产业决定和路径选择

通过对我国出口产业的出口竞争力与出口产业遭受反倾销的相关性分析,指出我国技术密集型产业和我国劳动密集型产业一样也遭受到了国外大量的反倾销;在分析原因的基础上,提出了我国技术密集型产业和劳动密集型产业各自的反倾销规避路径。     

论我国西部地区地方性外资法

本文从西部地区地方性外资法的作用入手,分析了西部地区地方性外资立法的缺陷,指出西部地区地方性外资法亟需完善,并提出了完善的建议。     

World War II prime defence contractors: Were they favoured?

Between 1940 and 1944 the US government placed $175.066 billion of prime defence contracts with US corporations. Two-thirds of these awards went to only 100 companies and 20% to only five companies leading to charges that the prime contractors were favoured. This article examines the common stock returns of World War II prime contractors relative to broad market indices and to the returns on the non-prime contractors in the same industry. The analysis begins in 1938 with the Anschluss and ends with the 1950 outbreak of the Korean War. Little evidence is found to support the charges.