Regional influences on the prevalence of family versus non-family start-ups

We integrate insights from family business and organizational ecology into the entrepreneurship field by constructing a theoretical framework that explains how the regional context impacts family and non-family start-ups in differing ways. Regional count data models based on a rich longitudinal dataset reveal that while economic factors such as population size and growth in regions are primarily associated with the number of non-family start-ups, factors related to regional embeddedness, such as pre-existing small family businesses as well as favorable community attitudes toward small businesses, are more strongly associated with the number of family start-ups. Our research provides support for the notion that ‘the regional context’ is an important yet under-theorized area for research on venture creation and family business.     

Size (and competition) among organizations: modeling scale‐based selection among automobile producers in four major countries, 1885–1981

Based on previous empirical research, size is perhaps the most powerful explanatory organizational covariate in strategic analysis. We suggest that theoretical arguments about size be examined carefully to specify models with explicit comparison sets and with mechanisms linking size and underlying processes to outcomes. We illustrate the approach here by advancing arguments about scale competition within an organizational population. In this effort, we feature a theoretical model of scale‐based selection, which posits that a firm's chances of survival decrease with its aggregate distance from larger competitors on a transformed size gradient. The model assumes that the appropriate comparison set consists of all contemporaneous similar organizations competing on the basis of scale and operating in a localized geographic setting. We argue that aggregate distance of a focal firm from larger other firms (a specific form of relative position in the size distribution) reflects the extent to which it can capitalize on potential competitive advantages of scale emanating from economic, political, and social processes. Analyzing the mortality rates of large organizations across the entire histories of automobile industries in four major countries provides support for the theory. We discuss the general implications of our findings for strategic and organizational analysis. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

南京市江宁区建设美丽乡村的问题与经验借鉴

南京市江宁区自然资源丰富,地理位置优越,历史悠久,发展潜力巨大。在习总书记乡村振兴的号召下,江宁区的美丽乡村建设已初具规模,发展势头迅猛,但仍存在着一定的问题,如土地资源利用不合理、经济发展未形成多元化格局等。针对上述问题,应整体规划和合理布局、挖掘当地文化并注重文化传承、加强基础设施建设及进一步优化环境整治等,以促进江宁区更好的建设美丽宜居乡村。     

生态位理论及其在生态经济规划中的应用

生态经济规划是生态经济建设的重要组成部分。本文根据区域经济发展与资源环境条件的关系,初步探讨了生态位理论在生态经济规划中的应用。     

生态与经济发展的鸿沟

文章主要从词语来源与含义、研究对象的组织层次等方面系统地对比和阐述了生态学和经济学的接近或相似。生态学和经济学的学科性质和环境问题的日益严重决定了二者之间交叉学科的出现;经济学借鉴生态学,二者逐步走向融合。但由于＂生态＂是保守的,而＂经济＂是积极主动的,所以在经济与生态发展之间仍存在＂鸿沟＂。怎样处理和解决二者之间的矛盾,跨越＂鸿沟＂是摆在国内外学者们面前的一个重大课题。笔者认为,解决的途径仍应该是学科间的交融,这为科学研究提供了新的探索空间。     

改善我国股市生态的理论思考

如果从理论源头上追溯的话,传统发展观是构成我国股市生态系统脆弱的根源.股市"物理环境"即制度安排存在的巨大缺陷,股市生态系统中"生产者"生产能力低下,"生产者"与"消费者"角色错位,股市生态系统中不同"消费者"之间数量关系的失衡,股市生态系统中"分解者"的缺失,造成了我国股市生态系统的不稳定.再造健康的股市生态,我们就必须正本清源,突破传统发展观的樊篱,用科学发展观的观点认识和解决股市中的各种问题和矛盾.     

信用的生态学诠释与信用生态链的构建

生态学有逐渐与经济学相渗透、相融合的趋势，从而扩展了经济学的研究边界。本文从生态学的视角对信用加以研究，首先介绍了信用生态的理论内涵，其次研究了良好的社会信用生态环境的评价标准，最后对构建和谐的社会信用生态链提出了具体的对策措施。     

沙棘与荒漠地区开发

我国正深受着土地荒漠化的危害,如何把荒漠变耕地,优选一种费用小、效果好的措施,那就是大种特种沙棘,以达到改善环境、发展经济、利国富民的目的。     

生态工业园建设与政府对策

本文探讨了生态工业园建设对国民经济的作用,认为生态工业园能促进我国集约型经济的发展,是经济、社会实现可持续发展的可行之路,建议政府积极建设生态工业园.通过分析地方政府在生态工业园建设中应发挥的推动力、作用力,提出了一系列有效的生态工业园建设方法与措施.     

绿色财富观:生态文明时代人类的理性选择

如果说农业文明社会是以土地资产为主流的财富观,那么工业文明社会则是以有形和无形资产为主流的财富观,而生态文明时代理应是以绿色财富为主流的财富观。本文以生态文明时代为背景,以科学发展观为指导,对绿色财富内涵特征、分类以及构建策略进行了探讨.