未来不属于中国

中国正在崛起，但印度也一样。在可预知的未来，日本仍然在经济、军事和技术领域保持着雄厚的实力。亚洲三个大国中国、印度和日本，其中任意两国的经济和军事力量，都足以阻止另一国支配整个亚洲。     

饭店设计

导言 我的同事沃尔特·阿·范厄是有名的建筑学家,也是最近出版的《饭店谋划与设计》一书的作者。在这部新著中,他提出了饭店设计中的三项原则。这些原则必须由饭店的设计者和投资者共同遵守,才能使饭店获得经济效果和美学效果。这三项原则是: 一、饭店必须能够丰富顾客参观访问的内容。     

谁投票反对北美自由贸易协定?工会与自由贸易对对!

1.引言在俄亥俄州的众议员汤姆·索耶于1993年11月17日投票赞成北美自由贸易协定之后,该州汽车工会主席便公开声明在下届议员选举中将予以报复。在国会里,斗争激烈的北美自由贸易协定的投票表决给日益强烈的反对北美自由贸易的工人(尤其是有组织的工会工人)对国会议员的施加影响的机会。同时它也提供了从另一种角度去考察研究这场旷日持久的辩论:议员们的投票行为多大程度上反映了选区选民的经济利益或者是其它方面的影响,诸如,意识形志或党派忠诚。我们先概述些以往劳工在贸易问题上的态     

The environment for development

This overview of the World Bank 1992 World Development Report reveals some of the means to close the gap between policy and practice in linking environmental and development policy. The nature of the problem is defined and win-win policies which show mutual support for environment and development concerns are differentiated from negative links. Sound environmental management can be achieved with improved information, enhancing institutional arrangements, and involving local people. The rapid implementation of policies and programs will involve both political and financial costs and a shift in policies and priorities. The challenges ahead are tremendous and include overcoming poverty and turning population growth and environmental pollution around. World consumption of energy and manufactured goods is expected to triple; without curbs on emissions, mortality increases, water shortages, and forest and natural habitat loss will ensue. It is not entirely true that economic activity hurts the environment when positive forces of substitution, technological innovation, and structural change outweigh the negative consequences. Environmental consequences change with income levels. Some problems decline with income increases. Some problems deteriorate temporarily and then improve as incomes rise, i.e., air and water pollution and some types of deforestation and habitat dislocation. Some problems continue to grow with income increases, such as carbon and nitrogen oxide emissions. Win-win policies are ones that foster and end to excessive resource use, clarify property rights and stop open access to land, accelerate education and family planning programs, accelerate agricultural extension and research, and invest in sanitation and water supply. These policies will not sacrifice economic growth. Tradeoffs must be identified and costs and benefits of alternative policies assessed; priorities and standards must be established in consort with costs and benefits. Behavior change can be achieved with properly designed practical and cost-effective policies.     

欧洲门户鹿特丹

作为鹿特丹市市长，我非常荣幸有机会能向中国读者介绍我们这座城市。因为中国和鹿特丹之间的关系非常密切。鹿特丹三十余年来一直雄居世界第一大港，同时它又是荷兰的工业中心。目前全市人口超过一百万。鹿特丹港的年货物吞吐量约在3亿吨左右。面对日益发展的欧洲其它港口的竞争，为了维护世界第一大港的地位，鹿特丹市已将改善港口的服务质量提上议事日程。这也正是促成鹿特丹港从原来单一的转口贸易港发展成为一个集国际贸易、工业和货物集散中心为一体的大港，其设施和服务也从进出口、转口贸易扩展到所有的服务领域的原因所在。我们的…     

海洋旅游地理和海上旅游资源利用

一、总观在社会再生产过程中,海洋环境的作用越来越大,在消遣方面也有所反映,而消遣是为恢复劳动力作准备的。海洋沿岸许多地区及其水域,在相应季节和有利的地方,其强烈的吸引力产生了两种利用类型之间的相互影响,这两种利用类型就是海上旅游和供人们度假时临时居住的景色最优美、气候最宜人的沿岸地区的开发。到这种地方去游憩虽然是古已知之的一种消遣方式,但游客成群结队作海上旅行还是近几十年才有的新现象。这就是本章要特别强调海洋旅游的原因,尤其是现在把“商务旅行”、“研究旅行”、宗教朝圣和消遣旅行都看作旅游(如世界旅游组织所解释的),突出这方面的内容更有必要。     

结构塑性设计优化理论

2—2 园板的举例轴线对称荷载的园板是最简单的例子,无论怎样都保持一般壳体问题的所有基本特性.有一个用特尔斯克(Tresca)材料做的简支夹芯园板.承受均匀分布荷载,在园环中有相等的γ种θ(图2)弯曲的主要比率Kr和Kθ仅仅是通过主要的弯矩M_γ和M_θ而归结为应变.屈服的轨迹已消楚的知道,如图3所示的特尔斯克六方晶体.