The effect of corporate real estate ownership on R&D innovation: credit relief vs. resource replacement in China

Against the background of supply-side structural reform and the real estate financialisation in China, this study investigates the impact of real estate holdings on R&D investment using data of enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. Our empirical results yield five main findings. First, enterprises holding more real estate assets face more serious financial constraints, thus restraining corporate innovation efficiency. Second, when the profit margin gap between entity enterprises and the real estate industry is larger, enterprises are more inclined to transfer industrial capital into the real estate industry, thus reducing R&D investment. Third, when the degree of marketisation is high, intensified market competition, the optimal allocation of factor and product markets, and stronger patent protection will weaken the restraining effect of corporate real estate holdings on R&D investment. Fourth, monopoly enterprises obtain potential profits more than undertaking risks from the real estate industry, they are more willing to hold real estate, thus strengthening the restraining effect of real estate holdings on innovation. Finally, investors' regional preference intensifies the restraining effect of corporate real estate holdings on R&D investment. Our empirical evidence can guide entity enterprises on how to effectively balance short-term (non-productive) and long-term (productive) capital investment.     

关系质量对企业知识创造绩效的作用机理：一个被调节的中介模型

基于嵌入性视角，分别引入知识转移、合作模式作为中介变量和调节变量，深入探究关系质量影响企业知识创造绩效的内在机理。利用277份来自全国多地的制造业及高新技术企业调查问卷，采用多元回归方法进行实证研究。结果表明：经济型和社会型关系质量均正向影响企业知识创造绩效；社会型关系质量通过元素知识和架构知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效。在契约治理模式下，经济型关系质量更倾向于通过元素知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效；在股权治理模式下，社会型关系质量更倾向于通过架构知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效。     

Flood Risk and Salience: New Evidence from the Sunshine State

A growing literature finds evidence that flood risk salience varies over time, spiking directly following a flood and then falling off individuals' cognitive radar in the following years. In this article, we provide new evidence of salience exploiting a hurricane cluster impacting Florida that was preceded and followed by periods of unusual calm. Utilizing residential property sales across the state from 2002 through 2012, our main estimate finds a salience impact of ?8%, on average. The salience effect persists when we base estimation only on spatial variation in prices to limit confounding from other simultaneous changes due to shifting hedonic equilibria over time. These effects range from housing prices decreases of 5.4–12.3% depending on the year of sale. Understanding flood risk salience has important implications for flood insurance and disaster policy, the benefits transfer literature, and, more broadly, our understanding of natural disaster resilience. JEL Classification: Q51, Q54, R21     

中国现阶段的工业品市场营销模式初探

随着中国市场经济的快速发展、科技水平的提高以及中国加入WTO,工业品的市场竞争将更加激烈。对于中国现阶段的工业品来讲,由于行业、企业、产品特点及销售对象不同,各公司的营销策略各有不同,尤其对市场营销模式需要进一步探索。     

中国对世界经济的影响到底有多大?

2005年以来,西方舆论对中国经济的评论很多,有许多言论一反过去大谈中国威胁论的态度,为中国经济大唱赞歌。法国《回声报》副主编伊兹拉莱维奇2月份发表了一部《当中国改变世界的时候》的著作,立即上了畅销书排名榜,法国的主要报刊都刊登了这本书的摘要、书评和相关辩论。美国《新闻周刊》5月份发表了一组有关中国的文章,称21世纪为“中国世纪”。英国《经济学家》杂志8月份发表了几篇有关中国的文章,称中国掌握着世界经济的关键。中国经济真会决定世界经济的未来吗?这一片赞扬之声中有多少是中国经济的实际影响,有多少是夸张成份?中国经济…     

呼唤深圳房地产的平稳健康发展

深圳房地产市场经过一年的调整,房价已经下跌将近40%。与此同时,受国内外经济严峻形势的影响,深圳整体经济也呈现明显的放缓迹象。为了保持深圳经济的持续健康稳定发展,房地产业应该脱离目前那种“剑客”当道,怪论充斥的舆论氛围,下大力通过制度建设、市场疏导、产业改革等措施,尽快走出目前的低迷态势,特别是有效恢复合理的成交量,确保市民的正常住房需求和深圳经济整体上的良性发展。     

我国独资企业法律制度缺陷与完善设想

我国于1999年通过《个人独资企业法》，该法颁布后并未出现人们期待的个人独资企业迅猛发展的现象。虽然有诸多原因，但个人独资企业法律制度自身规定的不完善应是主要原因。因此完善该制度就成了一种现实的选择。     

税制改革与税收文化滞后分析

本文引入了税收文化滞后的概念,阐明了进行税制改革时将会出现税收文化滞后现象,它将影响到税制结构优化目标的实现,因此必须尽力减弱其影响,以确保税制改革的成效。     

A Dynamic Analysis of Fixed- and Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Terminations

This paper provides a side-by-side comparison of loan-level statistical models for fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgages. Multinomial logit models for quarterly conditional probabilities of default and prepayment are estimated. We find that the estimated impacts of embedded option values for prepayment and default are generally quite similar across both FRM and ARM loans, providing additional empirical support for the basic predictions of the options theory. We also find that differences in estimates of conditional probabilities of prepayment and default associated with mortgage age, origination period, original LTV, and relative loan size, indicate the continued significance of these other economic and demographic factors for empirical models of mortgage terminations.     

如何做好销售谈判的准备工作

一次销售谈判大致划分为三个阶段:计划与准备阶段、面谈阶段、后续收尾阶段。虽然讲到谈判,大多数人总联想到面谈,但计划与准备阶段是这三个阶段最关键的,至少一个典型的谈判其结果如何,有50%在你和客户见面之前就已经决定了。计划与准备阶段如此之重要,而大多数销售人员进行谈判时仍是仓促上阵,未能做充分的准备,使得谈判结果不能尽如人意。因此,在每一次销售谈判之前做好充分的计划与准备,是我们取得良好谈判结果的基石。销售谈判的计划与准备阶段涉及以下几项内容:一.确定谈判目标1.知道自己需要什么:如果没有事先考虑好自己应该从谈判中…