论独立董事的制度创新 --第三方法人独立董事制度设计

现行独立董事制度的结构性缺失及其作为自然人的独立董事之不独立与非理性迫切需要一个介于独立董事个人与上市公司之间的法人机构来平衡二者的关系,从而真正发挥独立董事在公司治理中的作用。而第三方法人独立董事制度安排旨在培育“职业(专业)独立董事”,使独立董事有可以归属的第三方法人独立董事公司,确保独立董事的“独立性”,从组织的角度改变个人与法人之间关系中的不均衡博弈,为独立董事职业理性的保持提供保障。同时,独立董事公司亦受到多方关系制约,使其正确有效地履行职能。     

Do People Always Pay Less Than They Say? Testbed Laboratory Experiments with IV and HG Values

Hypothetical bias is a long‐standing issue in stated preference and contingent valuation studies—people tend to overstate their preferences when they do not experience the real monetary consequences of their decision. This view, however, has been challenged by recent evidence based on the elicitation of induced values (IV) in the lab and homegrown (HG) demand function from different countries. This paper uses an experimental design to assess the extent and relevance of hypothetical bias in demand elicitation exercises for both induced (IV) and homegrown (HG) values. For testbed purpose, we use a classic second‐price auction to elicit preferences. Comparing the demand curve we elicit in both, hypothetical bias unambiguously (i) vanishes in an IV, private good context and (ii) persists in HG values elicitation context. This suggests hypothetical bias in preference elicitation appears to be driven by “preference formation” rather than “preference elicitation.” In addition, companion treatments highlight two sources of the discrepancy observed in the HG setting: the hypothetical context leads bidders to underestimate the constraints imposed by their budget limitations, whereas the real context creates pressure leading them to bid “zero” to opt out from the elicitation mechanism. As a result, there is a need for a demand elicitation procedure that helps subjects take the valuation exercise sincerely, but without putting extra pressure on them.     

北京市区域商贸业竞争力演化研究

北京市区域商贸业发展是推动“四个中心”建设、提升北京市经济实力的重要途径,也是实现京津冀协调发展的客观要求.从经济环境、规模、基础设施、成长性、支撑服务5个维度选取23个指标构建了北京市商贸业竞争力评价指标体系,以北京市区域2012年～2015年面板数据为研究样本,运用因子分析方法评估了北京市区域商贸业的综合竞争力,明确其竞争力演化情况.研究结果表明:北京市的首都核心功能区商贸业竞争力逐渐减弱;城市功能拓展区中的朝阳区、丰台区商贸业竞争力逐渐减弱,海淀区和石景山区商贸业竞争力逐渐增强;城市发展新区中的通州区商贸业竞争力逐年增强,大兴区和房山区商贸业竞争力逐年减弱,顺义区扣昌平区商贸业竞争力未出现较大波动;生态涵养发展区商贸业竞争力持续减弱.根据区域商贸业竞争力演化情况,提出了提高北京市区域商贸业竞争力的对策建议.     

利用频移动态特征的辐射源目标盲分选

利用辐射源目标的频移动态特征进行盲分选时,针对已有的分选方法不能很好解决非合作接收数据非周期、间断、交叠的问题,提出了一种改进的逻辑回归分选算法,将信号分选转化为轨迹分类的问题来处理。首先,借鉴多目标航迹起始模型中的M/N逻辑法的框架,设计新的数据关联门限,以建立目标起始曲线;其次,采用最小二乘拟合方法替代卡尔曼滤波,设计新的外推规则,建立载频变化预测曲线;分析新的接收数据与预测曲线的关联性,不断迭代回归或形成新的分支,最后获得目标分选结果。仿真与实测试验表明,利用逻辑回归分选算法,对不同运动目标搭载的同频辐射源可进行自动分选,4个仿真目标与2个真实目标的分选正确率达到100%。同时,该方法拓展了辐射源目标盲分选中的动态频移特征应用,为辐射源个体识别提供了新的支持。     

SAILING THROUGH THIS STORM? CAPITAL FLOWS IN ASIA DURING THE CRISIS

The 2007–2009 crisis has led to an unprecedented collapse in international capital flows. Asian economies were, however, relatively unaffected: the contraction in their capital flows was limited to the most acute phase of the crisis in late 2008, followed by a rapid rebound. We show that this reflects both Asia's structural characteristics, such as limited reliance on international banking, and Asian specificities in the form of a limited impact of international bank exposure on capital flows. We also find evidence of a connection between the use of reserves and variations in net private capital inflows.     

啤酒企业基于ERP系统的采购预测

简要阐述了采购预测的内容、方法及其ERP系统对采购预测的影响和作用；并用安全进行了验证。     

基于网络规划的道路系统设计

针对物流系统设计，基于网络规划法提出了一种在物流中心已经确定的条件下，进行道路系统的新的设计方法。通过合理但设把道路系统的设计转变为网络规划中求解最短路径的问题．通过统计每个路段的最短路径通过率．得出路段的运量负担情况，从而为道路的功能和等级设计提供依据。在此基础上．以宁波化工区的物流系统为例，建立了宁波化工区道路系统的网络模型，对宁波化工区的道路系统进行了功能设计。结果表明，该方法在区域物流系统设计中有良好的应用前景．     

制造企业原材料物流成本的优化分析

A公司是一家跨国集团在中国设立的IT业全球制造性企业。结合A公司的原材料物流成本的构成,以及A公司生产物流的具体应用,对各项成本进行了优化。     

Identifying Price Reviews by Firms: An Econometric Approach

Price reviews are a potentially costly activity. A significant fraction of unchanged prices may stem from firms not reviewing prices, rather than from obstacles to changing prices per se, such as menu costs. In this paper, we disentangle these two causes of price stickiness by estimating an inflated ordered probit model on a panel of French manufacturing firms. The results point to a low frequency of price reviews, suggestive of the relevance of information costs as a determinant of the observed price stickiness. In view of the “inattentive producers” literature, pointing that the source of price rigidity matters, this is suggestive of a large real effect of monetary policy.