Who Convinces Whom? Parent and Child Perceptions of Children's Engagement in Parental Purchase Decisions

Do children overestimate their engagement in parental purchase decisions? A systematic analysis of the articles enabled us to create a database of 149 cases where child and parent perceptions of children's engagement in parental purchase decisions were measured. The findings proved that there is congruence between children's and parents' perception of a child's engagement in most cases. Children's overestimation of their engagement in a parental decision to purchase products is likely the exception rather than the rule. The cases characterized as overestimations are related to product category and type of measured domain. (Children tend to overestimate their engagement more when the measures track participation or influence rather than decision independence.)     

道歉的小字条

尚莫和胡克又吵架了。 这一次，大度的胡克不再让步，转身就往家走，留下火爆睥气的尚莫独自赴宴。 晚上11时，尚莫尽兴而归。开门时．她看到门上贴着一张纸条：“你必须向我道歉!…‘没门!”尚莫一把扯下字条。     

Agroindustrialization, globalization, and international development: An overview of issues, patterns, and determinants

This paper offers an overview for a special issue on agroindustrialization, globalization, and international development. It sets out a conceptual framework for understanding the links among these three broad phenomena and then discusses emerging issues and evidence concerning the factors conditioning agroindustrialization in developing countries and the subsequent effects on employment, poverty, and the natural environment. We conclude with a research agenda.     

Promoting farm/non‐farm linkages for employment of the poor in South Africa: A research agenda focused on small‐scale farms and agroindustry

This article presents a policy research agenda for the promotion of farm/non‐farm linkages in South Africa. Our premise is that promoting the participation of small farms and small agroindustrial businesses in these linkages will have a strong impact on employment and income for the poor. We argue that there is potential for growth in linkages. The first question of the policy research agenda concerns the current status of linkages, and we note the dearth of research on this. The second question concerns the constraints on and prospects for promoting linkages from the demand side, and the third question treats the same concerns from the supply side. The fourth question is rooted in the duality in South Africa's non‐farm and farm sectors, and asks whether, and how, small and large agroindustrial businesses and farms will compete or relate in ‘business linkages’ that can benefit intersectoral linkages. The final question concerns the impacts of and alternatives for policies and programmes to spur linkages.     

Measuring retail productivity: monetary vs physical input measures

The issue of productivity measurement has been extensively debated in the literature. However, no consensus on the proper measures of retail inputs has emerged. The purpose of this research was to examine the use of monetary versus physical measures of productivity inputs using Cobb-Douglas production functions. The results indicate that the elasticity estimates of monetary measures are empirically equal to physical measures of retail input. The findings further suggest that monetary measures are appropriate when market imperfections are controlled. In addition, it is suggested that physical measures of retail inputs fail to capture the heterogeneity of units when used at aggregated levels. This paper concludes by providing a platform for further discussion on retail productivity measurements.