The Predictive Ability of Dividend and Earnings Yields for Long-Term Stock Returns

We use empirical models to examine the predictive ability of dividend and earnings yields for long‐term stock returns. Results show that dividend and earnings yields share a similar predictive power for future stock returns and growth. We find that the predictive power of dividend yields increases with the return horizon, but that yields forecast future returns and growth over a much longer horizon. Finally, dividend and earnings yields exhibit high autocorrelation and strong contemporaneous relations.     

构建我国纳税人诉讼制度的理论基础

纳税人诉讼制度是公民财政监督权的具体体现，是实现财政民主与财政法治的重要途径。文章逐次分析了纳税人诉讼制度的政治学、经济学以及法学基础，指出“税收契约”、“税收价格”和“．税收债权债务理论’’都是纳税人诉讼赖以建立的理论基础，而宪法中关于人民主权、财产权、监督权的规定是纳税人诉讼得以建立的直接依据。     

A Neural Network Approach for Analyzing Small Business Lending Decisions

In this paper, we apply the neural network method to small business lending decisions. We use the neural network to classify the loan applications into the groups of acceptance or rejection, and compare the model results with the actual decisions made by loan officers. Data were collected from a leading bank in Central New York. The sample contains important financial statement and business information of borrowers and the loan officers' decisions. We conduct the network training on the data sample and find that the neural network has a stronger discriminating power for classifying the acceptance and rejection groups than traditional parametric and nonparametric classifiers. The results show that the neural network model has a high predictive ability. Our findings suggest that neural networks can be a very useful tool for enhancing small-business lending decisions and reducing loan processing time and costs.     

构建我国纳税人诉讼制度的理论基础

纳税人诉讼制度是公民财政监督权的具体体现,是实现财政民主与财政法治的重要途径。文章逐次分析了纳税人诉讼制度的政治学、经济学以及法学基础,指出“税收契约”、“税收价格”和“．税收债权债务理论’’都是纳税人诉讼赖以建立的理论基础,而宪法中关于人民主权、财产权、监督权的规定是纳税人诉讼得以建立的直接依据。