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1.
Evan H. Offstein Devi R. Gnyawali Anthony T. Cobb 《Human Resource Management Review》2005,15(4):305-318
Embedded within firms are unique stores of intangible human assets that likely influence the way firms compete. We argue that the human and social capital of a firm, particularly at the upper echelon and board of director (BOD) levels, contribute to the firm's awareness of the competitive environment and its motivation and ability to undertake numerous, complex, and forceful competitive actions. We also suggest that the firm's executive compensation systems moderate the effects of these intangible human assets on firm competitive behavior. By examining how human capital, intra-firm social capital, and executive compensation influence firm competitive behavior, we advance a strategic HRM perspective of firm competitive behavior and outline several implications for future research. 相似文献
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Most studies that examine tourism impacts and community attitudes have been carried out from the perspective of industrialized economies, making the findings less valid for small islands. This paper discusses some pertinent issues in relation to tourism development and community attitudes in small islands, and it develops and presents a conceptual framework based on social exchange theory and identity theory. The different facets of identity relevant to small-island communities that are likely to influence attitudes and support for tourism are incorporated in the framework and discussed. These include occupational identity, environmental identity and gender identity. Based on these, five propositions are developed. The study concludes that inclusion of identity variables in behavioral models could increase their predictive power in explaining attitudes to tourism and consequent support for the industry. 相似文献
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We investigate migrant construction workers’ experiences in the Former Soviet Union, examining their attitudes to other ethno-national groups, unions and collective action. Industrial relations and migration studies view migrant workers’ hypermobility and diversity, under conditions of low union coverage and rising nationalism, as potentially obstructing consciousness-raising and mobilizing. Workers in our study faced union indifference, ethno-national segregation and discrimination. However, managerial abuses, informality and contestation from below led to spontaneous mobilization. Lack of institutional channels to solve these disputes drove workers’ further mobility. Complex mobility trajectories and collective action translated into increased awareness of collective interests and rejection of nationalist ideologies. The outcome is ‘multinational workers’ potentially resistant to nation-state politics and capital's logics but also aware of the value and usefulness of collective solidarities. Thus, previous arguments solely associating exit with individualistic attitudes, and post-socialist legacies with workers’ quiescence present only partial pictures. 相似文献
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abstract Using the context of market orientation, we examine how an exemplary business's market orientation culture is reflected in managers' mental models, evaluate how mental models and perceived behaviours differ across hierarchical levels and functions, and compare the cognitive values and beliefs or the cognitive aspects of market orientation culture with behavioural aspects. Results from a rich, multi-method, case study suggest that while managers in the business share core beliefs regarding the customer dimension of market orientation, their beliefs regarding competitors, technology and inter-functional coordination dimensions vary widely across the levels and functions of the business. We found differences in terms of both the integration between the four dimensions of market orientation and the depth of knowledge within the dimensions. Our findings reveal that customer rather than competitor beliefs are the most important commonly shared beliefs in successful companies, leading us to encourage cognitive researchers to move beyond competitor analysis when examining managerial cognition. Another implication for future research is that a strong market orientation implies common core beliefs regarding customer dimensions but does not imply that all beliefs will be or should be shared. From the methodological standpoint, we find that cognitive mapping techniques provide rich insights into a business's market orientation culture that are not gained from behavioural methods alone. 相似文献
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This paper examines whether late payment (LP) by customers impacts firms' profitability, using a cross-sectional sample of 287 Malaysian public-listed manufacturing firms for the financial year 2007. This is an important issue given that trade credit is commonly seen as a significant short-term financing practice in Asia. However, in Malaysia, trade credit has not been explored, largely due to the unavailability of relevant published data and the reluctance of firms to divulge information regarding their trade credit practices. To overcome this, we suggest a new measure of LP using the Pareto 80:20 rule to take cognisance of local nuances and industry practice, and argue that Pareto Days Overdue is an appropriate measure of LP for Malaysia. We find that 60% of the sampled firms experience LP and LP has a significant inverse effect on their profitability; and those with shorter credit terms and Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) perform better than those with longer credit terms and longer DSO. The paper also discusses implications for policy makers and regulators since the accounting rules related to the disclosure of receivables in Malaysia are converging towards the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). 相似文献
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Patient care has become increasingly important in the health care environment of Mauritius. Patients' satisfaction and their expectations of health care are valid indicators of quality health care. The present paper reports the results of a survey of patient satisfaction with heath care, administered by face-to-face interview to 300 in-patient adults discharged from five main regional hospitals based in Mauritius. It examines the predictors and level of patients' satisfaction across the five regional hospitals of Mauritius. In this study, a modified version of HEALTHQUAL scale was used for determining patient satisfaction with health care in the regional public hospitals. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to understand the relationships among patients' perceptions of in-patient services and their overall perceptions of health care quality, and also satisfaction with their care and willingness to return or recommend the same hospital's services to others. The dimensions labelled as "Patients' perceptions of ward/hospital environment" and "Patients' perceptions of medical and nursing staff" served a significant impact on nearly all measures of patient satisfaction in the regional public hospitals of Mauritius. 相似文献
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Co-opetition is filled with tension due to inherent contradictory and opposing forces. In this research, we develop a multi-level conceptual framework that helps to understand key drivers of tension in co-opetition and key approaches to managing the tension. We combine literature-based conceptual arguments and insights from in-depth study of one exemplar case of co-opetition between Astrium (EADS group) and Thales Alenia Space (Thales group) within the sector of telecommunications satellites manufacturing in Europe. Our findings highlight multiple sources of co-opetitive tension at different levels. Further, our research shows that a mixed organization based on both separation and integration of competition and cooperation is helpful to understand and effectively manage tension in co-opetition. This paper offers case-based rich insights on the sources and management of tension and has important implications for the design and conduct of future empirical research. 相似文献
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Jyoti Devi Mahadeo Vanisha Oogarah-Hanuman Teerooven Soobaroyen 《Accounting Forum》2011,35(3):158-175
We examine social and environmental reporting (SER) practices of listed companies in the island economy of Mauritius. Based on a content analysis of annual reports, quantitative and qualitative changes in SER were analyzed in light of recent developments in corporate governance and with regard to the prevailing social and political contexts of this emerging economy. We find a significant but selective increase in the volume and quality of SER over the period under review (2004–2007). We rely on Suchman's (1995) conceptualizations of legitimacy to argue that the changes in SER are related to a need for companies to demonstrate an affiliation to pro-social objectives (moral legitimacy) and, to a lesser extent, are motivated by the need to manage specific stakeholders (pragmatic legitimacy). More specifically, the increase in ethical disclosures reflects an attempt at gaining procedural legitimacy in response to criticisms of corruption and unfair/unethical business practices. Furthermore, the increase in social disclosures can primarily be seen as a mechanism to gain consequential legitimacy in response to concerns that local companies are not sufficiently contributing to the country's social development. We suggest that future empirical research should devote more attention to the specific characteristics of emerging economies (such as levels of corruption and unethical business practices and the level of corporate governance) and examine whether these can explain patterns of corporate SER in a given national context or on a cross-country basis. 相似文献
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Spatial Models in Marketing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eric T. Bradlow Bart Bronnenberg Gary J. Russell Neeraj Arora David R. Bell Sri Devi Duvvuri Frankel Ter Hofstede Catarina Sismeiro Raphael Thomadsen Sha Yang 《Marketing Letters》2005,16(3-4):267-278
Marketing science models typically assume that responses of one entity (firm or consumer) are unrelated to responses of other
entities. In contrast, models constructed using tools from spatial statistics allow for cross-sectional and longitudinal correlations
among responses to be explicitly modeled by locating entities on some type of map. By generalizing the notion of a map to
include demographic and psychometric representations, spatial models can capture a variety of effects (spatial lags, spatial
autocorrelation, and spatial drift) that impact firm or consumer decision behavior. Marketing science applications of spatial
models and important research opportunities are discussed.
This paper is based upon the discussions of the Spatial Models in Marketing seminar at the Sixth Invitational Choice Symposium,
June 2004. Eric T. Bradlow, Bart Bronnenberg and Gary J. Russell served as co-chairs of the session. 相似文献