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Using survey data for call centre establishments in eight countries, we examine the relationship between wages and human resource practices. High‐involvement work design and the use of performance‐based pay are significantly positively related to wages, whereas intensive use of performance monitoring is negatively associated with wages. These relationships are larger among liberal economies compared with co‐ordinated ones, but individual country differences are large and, in many cases, do not conform to expectations regarding institutional differences between liberal and co‐ordinated market economies. The exception is Denmark. 相似文献
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Chiyoko Nohara Masakazu Hase Ryan Liebert Ning Wu 《Journal of medical economics》2017,20(12):1290-1298
Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. Few studies have examined the effect of MS on patient outcomes in Japan. The study aim was to quantify MS burden in Japan by comparing MS respondents to matched controls on patient outcomes.Materials and methods: Data from seven administrations of the nationally representative Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (2009–2014 and 2016) were used (n?=?181,423). Respondents self-reporting MS diagnosis were compared with respondents not reporting MS. Matched controls were selected using propensity scores. Respondents with MS and matched controls were compared on health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), work productivity and activity impairment, healthcare resource utilization, and costs. Comparisons were made using Chi-square tests or one-way ANOVAs.Results: A total of 96 respondents with MS and 480 matched controls were included in the analyses. MS respondents reported worse mental (44.35 vs 47.51, p?.05), physical (33.11 vs 49.04, p?.001), and role (37.78 vs 47.11, p?.001) component summary scores (minimally important difference is 3.0). Additionally, MS respondents reported decrements on every health profile sub-scale (p?.001) and 5-Level EuroQoL-5 Dimensions outcome (p?.01). MS respondents also reported more healthcare provider visits (13.78 vs 6.13) and hospitalizations (3.02 vs 0.70; both, p?.001), leading to higher direct costs. For work productivity and activity impairment, MS respondents reported more absenteeism (17.50% vs 5.57%), presenteeism (38.11% vs 21.62%), overall work impairment (46.68% vs 25.27%), and activity impairment (46.88% vs 24.90%, all, p?.001), leading to higher indirect costs.Limitations: Japan NHWS data are cross-sectional, and causal relationships cannot be established. Due to the self-reported nature of the data, responses could not be independently verified.Conclusions: Results suggest MS in Japan is associated with poorer HRQoL and greater work and activity impairment, healthcare resource use, and costs. Improved MS management could benefit both patients and society. 相似文献
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Ikuyo Morimoto Miki Saijo Kayoko Nohara Kotaro Takagi Hiroko Otsuka Kana Suzuki Manabu Okumura 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2006,15(2):157-169
The purpose of this study is to investigate ways in which ordinary Japanese people negotiate in a multi-party meeting. We initially gave such a way of negotiation the tentative name of “naïve negotiation”. The analysis of the conversational data reveals three structural features of naïve negotiation: (1) at the utterance level, the participants tend to claim their opinions without providing any overt grounds, (2) at the local consensus-building level, they tend to jump to conclusions without the full examination of proposed hypotheses, (3) at the final consensus-making level, there tends to be disjunctions between discussion units. Although these features are not necessarily seen as irrational or illogical, a naïve-negotiation style can still be a trouble-source in achieving successful consensus-making. This leads us to emphasize the necessity of developing a support system for the discussants. 相似文献
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