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1.
Francisco Muñoz Leiva Francisco Javier Montoro Ríos Teodoro Luque Martínez 《Quality and Quantity》2006,40(4):519-537
In the process of coding open-ended questions, the evaluation of interjudge reliability is a critical issue. In this paper,
using real data, the behavior of three coefficients of reliability among coders, Cohen’s K, Krippendorff’s α and Perreault and Leigh’s I
r
are patterned, in terms of the number of judges involved and the categories of answer defined. The outcome underlines the
importance of both variables in the valuations of interjudge reliability, as well as the higher adequacy of Perreault and
Leigh’s I
r
and Krippendorff’s α for marketing and opinion research. 相似文献
2.
Juan Carlos Bárcena-ruiz María Begoña Garzón 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,24(2):121-139
The purpose of this paper is tostudy how the choice of environmental standardsby governments is affected by the existence ofwage incomes when firms locations areendogenous. In developed countries labor isunionized, which allows positive wage incomesto arise. Thus, each government has incentivesto persuade firms to locate in its countrysince social welfare depends on suchincomes. But, as pollution damages theenvironment, each government will only try toattract polluting firms to thecountry, to obtain the wage incomes, whenthe valuation of environmental damage showsthat it is low. 相似文献
3.
Antonio Argandoña 《Journal of Business Ethics》1995,14(7):511-530
As a consequence of the collapse of a building in Barcelona, in December 1990, it was discovered that a large number of dwellings, mainly in Barcelona but also in other towns of Catalonia, were affected by a structural defect known as aluminosis, consisting of a deterioration of the reinforced concrete manufactured using aluminous cement, which considerably reduced its strength and that of the steel embedded in the concrete. This brought to light a series of economic, social, political and also moral problems, such as the use of the aluminous cement itself — a quality product but which requires careful handling —, the lack of regulation concerning the product and its use in construction, the poor state of repair of the buildings affected, the careless manner in which they had been built, the lag in technical knowledge, the financial situation of the people affected by the aluminosis, etc.This document provides a full account of the events and their historical, technical, economic and legal background, paying particular attention to the ethical problems created by the situation.Antonio Argandoña is Professor at IESE, the International Graduate School of Management of the University of Navarra in Barcelona (Spain), where he teaches Economics and Business Ethics. He is a member of the Executive Committee of EBEN (European Business Ethics Network), and of the Organizing Committees of the Second (Barcelona, 1989) and Sixth (Oslo, 1993) European Conferences on Business Ethics. He is also co-editor ofPeople in Corporations: Ethical Responsibilities and Corporate Effectiveness (Kluwer, 1990) and author of many articles on business and economics ethics. This article was presented to the Fifth European Conference on Business Ethics (Paris, October 1992). 相似文献
4.
Universal service and public access in the networked society 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Concern about access to the new services and facilities emerging from the technologically dynamic telecommunications industry and its ‘convergence’ with broadcasting and information technology has resulted in calls for a reconsideration of the nature and scope of Universal Service Obligations (USOs) so that they are more adequate and relevant in an era of technological acceleration towards a networked information society. This paper assesses approaches to upgrading USOs and to developing policies for public access to the networked society undertaken thus far in various OECD countries, and proposes frameworks for conducting the tasks in a systematic manner. 相似文献
5.
Pablo Piñero Martin Bruckner Hanspeter Wieland Eva Pongrácz Stefan Giljum 《Economic Systems Research》2019,31(2):206-227
A new approach to allocate environmental responsibility, the ‘value added-based responsibility’ allocation, is presented in this article. This metric allocates total environmental pressures occurring along an international supply chain to the participating sectors and countries according to the share of value added they generate within that specific supply chain. We show that – due to their position in global value chains – certain sectors (e.g. services) and countries (e.g. Germany) receive significantly greater responsibility compared to other allocation approaches. This adds a new perspective to the discussions concerning a fair distribution of mitigation costs among nations, companies and consumers. 相似文献
6.
Gutierrez-Martinez MI Del Villin RE Fandiño A Oliver RL 《International journal of injury control and safety promotion》2007,14(2):77-84
Since 2002, the Institute for Peace Promotion and Injury/Violence Prevention (CISALVA) at the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Colombia Program at Georgetown University have developed and implemented 21 epidemiologically based municipal crime observatories in intermediate-sized municipalities in Colombia. These crime observatories serve as monitoring centres that provide low cost, geo-referenced methods of data collection and analysis, which allow cities to develop more responsive policies and prevention programmes and enhance governance. This article focuses on the methodology employed and lessons learned that may be applicable to similar settings. Worth noting within the results was a significant decrease in homicides after the first year of the programme. Whether or not such results could be attributed to the method or to the nature of the interventions and policy initiatives stemming from it remains open to conjecture. 相似文献
7.
Antonio Argandoña 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,99(1):77-85
The traditional theories of the firm leave no room for love in business organizations, perhaps because it is thought that
love is only an emotion or feeling, not a virtue, or because economic efficiency and profit making are considered to be incompatible
with the practice of charity or love. In this article, we show based on an approach to the human action within the organization,
that love can and must be lived in firms for firms to operate efficiently, be attractive to those who take part in them, and
act consistently in the long run. 相似文献
8.
The moral ideology of banking and insurance employees in Spain was examined along with supervisor role modeling and ethics-related
policies and procedures for their association with ethical behavioral intent. In addition to main effects, we found evidence
supporting that the person–situation interactionist perspective in supervisor role modeling had a stronger positive relationship
with ethical intention among employees with relativist moral ideology. Also as hypothesized, formal ethical polices and procedures
were positively related to ethical intention among those with universal beliefs, but the relationship was much weaker among
relativists. Thus, firms wishing to optimally promote ethical attitudes and behavior must tailor their organization-based
initiatives to the individual characteristics of their employees. 相似文献
9.
This article presents a grounded theory to explain why some small businesses in tourism adopt sustainable business practices while others do not, even when they share environmental and wider sustainability concerns. It does so based on research undertaken among business owners in Crete. The paper starts by considering studies on sustainability awareness, knowledge and the mechanisms for accepting responsibility. Secondly, it summarises the influence of task difficulty and effort on sustainability self-efficacy. Thirdly, it focuses on social comparisons and vicarious experiences, as a way of learning what is important. Finally, it examines powerlessness due to perceived situational constraints. In so doing, the study finds that self-efficacy helps to explain sustainable attitude formation and the attitude-behaviour gap; it partly shifts the locus of responsibility for an inability to act sustainably away from the individual and towards their context. The paper contributes to the theoretical literature on small businesses and sustainability, and leads to new avenues for policy interventions. 相似文献
10.
Xavier Font James Higham Graham Miller Shahab Pourfakhimi 《Journal of Sustainable Tourism》2019,27(1):1-11
In this editorial, we reflect on how the Journal of Sustainable Tourism can contribute towards sustainable tourism researchers achieving more impact with their research. We propose some changes that can be tested in, and introduced gradually and collaboratively with, the community of the editorial board and authors. To support impactful mind sets, we will promote research that reflects diverse academic communities. To promote impactful research topics, we will encourage authors to frame their submitted articles against the Sustainable Development Goals, while research that is time sensitive will be fast tracked so it can contribute to current debates. To promote impactful methodologies, we shall favour articles that use mixed methods and action research, and those that conduct longitudinal, experimental, and evaluative research. To promote impactful partnerships, we will favour multidisciplinary approaches and research that has been co-created with stakeholders. To promote impactful communication and dissemination, we will continue to build an online community on social media for sustainable tourism researchers, we will promote articles in social media to raise their visibility, and we will provide free access to those articles that are deemed to have the greatest potential to impact positively on society. 相似文献