流动人口来京主要成因分析

流动人口来京的主要成因包括城市化因素、经济因素、区位因素、文化教育因素和交通设施因素五大方面。从城市化因素来看,北京的城市化进程是流动人口涌入北京的主要拉力,同时又影响着在京流动人口的区域分布;从经济因素来看,北京市经济增长与流动人口规模呈正相关关系,北京市产业结构决定了流动人口数量和结构及其分布;从区位因素来看,首都因素对人口流入的拉力效应明显,来京流动人口主要来自京津冀及环渤海区域,而且北京在全国特大城市中的竞争力也是其吸引人口流入的关键因素;从北京市的文化教育和城市基础设施因素来看,优质教育资源、历史文化名城的吸引力和包容性、全国交通枢纽地位和发达的城市基础设施是流动人口来京的重要推动因素。     

Converting customer expectations into achievable results

It is not enough in today's environment to just meet customers' expectations--we must exceed them. Therefore, one must learn what constitutes expectations. These needs have expanded during the past few years from just manufacturing the product and looking at the outcome from a provincial standpoint. Now we must understand and satisfy the entire supply chain. To manage this process and satisfy the customer, the process now involves the supplier, the manufacturer, and the entire distribution system.     

地方政府债务风险预警研究评价及对策探讨

在梳理和回顾地方政府债务风险预警研究文献的基础上,分析了目前地方政府债务风险预警管理研究存在的问题,从实践的角度探讨完善地方政府债务风险预警系统的相关对策,为积极预防地方政府债务风险提供了有益的思路。     

劳动合同法的人文精神关怀

法律的人文精神是人文精神在法律领域内的张扬与显现,是法律蕴涵的一种以人为终极关怀对象的精神气质。新劳动合同法“保护劳动者的合法权益,构建和发展和谐稳定的劳动关系”,符合经济全球化时代的潮流,体现了科学发展观和人文关怀以及实现和谐社会的目标。     

Land-Use Controls and Housing Costs: An Examination of San Francisco Bay Area Communities*

This paper reports on our efforts to gauge the effects of land use controls on housing markets. We discuss how land use controls affect land and housing markets and explain why communities use such controls to restrict development. We present the results of an econometric model created to assess the inflationary effects of land use controls on housing costs. The model is based on data assembled in the San Francisco Bay Area. The model results indicate that density controls and land availability do systematically affect the price of new housing units.     

一对多供应链中寄售库存协作效益研究

针对单供应商和多购买商的二级供应链。通过数值方法，研究了完全信息及需求价格敏感情况下寄售库存（Consignment Stock，简称CS）协作对供应链系统收益影响情况。在假定供应商和购买商独立决策且完全理性，双方都力图使自己的收益最大化的基础上，双方最优的库存和定价策略将是Staekelberg博弈结果，其中，供应商是领导者，购买商是追随者。分析结果表明。CS方式在某些情况下可以改善供应链协作，提高供应链系统效益，尤其是在价格弹性较小时，CS协作方式可以作为供应链协作的有效机制，而当价格弹性较大时，双方难以形成密切的伙伴关系。     

A review of statistical methods in the analysis of data arising from observer reliability studies (Part I)*

Summary This paper reviews research situations in medicine, epidemiology and psychiatry, in psychological measurement and testing, and in sample surveys in which the observer(rater or interviewer) can be an important source of measurement error. Moreover, most of the statistical literature in observer variability is surveyed with attention given to a notational unification of the various models proposed. In the continuous data case, the usual analysis of variance (ANOVA) components of variance models are presented with an emphasis on the intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability. Other modified ANOVA models, response error models in sample surveys, and related multivariate extensions are also discussed. For the categorical data case, special attention is given to measures of agreement and tests of hypotheses when the data consist of dichotomous responses. In addition, similarities between the dichotomous and continous cases are illustrated in terms of intraclass correlation coefficients. Finally, measures of agreement, such as kappa and weighted-kappa, are discussed in the context of nominal and ordinal data. A proposed unifying framework for the categorical data case is given in the form of concluding remarks.