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排序方式: 共有96条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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This article looks at the deadweight loss arising from monopoly elements in Australian manufacturing under various assumptions and its relationship with the level of concentration. 相似文献
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We study convex risk measures describing the upper and lower bounds of a good deal bound, which is a subinterval of a no‐arbitrage pricing bound. We call such a convex risk measure a good deal valuation and give a set of equivalent conditions for its existence in terms of market. A good deal valuation is characterized by several equivalent properties and in particular, we see that a convex risk measure is a good deal valuation only if it is given as a risk indifference price. An application to shortfall risk measure is given. In addition, we show that the no‐free‐lunch (NFL) condition is equivalent to the existence of a relevant convex risk measure, which is a good deal valuation. The relevance turns out to be a condition for a good deal valuation to be reasonable. Further, we investigate conditions under which any good deal valuation is relevant. 相似文献
4.
Amir-ud-Din Rafi Mahmood Hafiz Zahid Abbas Faisal Salman Verda Zafar Sameen 《Quality and Quantity》2022,56(5):3189-3214
Quality & Quantity - Among all the students dropping out of school for different reasons in Pakistan in 2017, nearly 23% of the students dropped out because they were not... 相似文献
5.
Training and development activities in Bangladesh have yet to be systematic and able to fulfil the needs of the economy and industry. The national educational and training system failed to provide adequate knowledge and skills to the workforce. However, private sector organizations are undertaking different initiatives to cope with the industry skill requirements and are trying to develop their own employees. Recent government initiatives seem to be encouraging for future training and development activities in Bangladesh. 相似文献
6.
This study indentifies the factors that influence the performanceof state industries.Based on a review of thirteen countries,the authours isolate three qualities in the business and managerialenvironment that distinguish successful public enterprises fromthe others. These are (a) the degree of competition that publicenterprises are exposed to; (b) the degree of financial autonomyand accountability under which public enterprises operater;and (c) the extent and manner in which managerial autonomy andaccountability are ensured. It is impossible, and perhaps misleading,to assess statistically the importance of each of these factors.Where all three exist, however, the performance of public enterprisesis significantly better than in those cases where most or allthese factors are absent. 相似文献
7.
Takuji Arai 《Asia-Pacific Financial Markets》2001,8(2):167-177
We consider incomplete markets, where each risky asset fluctuation is a continuous semimartingale, and study a subset of Equivalent Local Martingale Measures in which Minimal Martingale Measure minimizes relative entropy.We also discuss, as special cases, some models with the risky assetfluctuation represented as a solution of some stochastic differential equations.Finally, we mention that the predictable representation property is essentialin order that Minimal Martingale Measure coincides with Minimal Entropy Martingale Measure. 相似文献
8.
In applications of the theory of the nonprofit firm it is commonly assumed that output and sales are equal. This paper proposes that the nonprofit firm may plan to produce, and actually produce, an output larger than it sells. We call such a strategy an "excess output" production policy. The policy can lead to chronic excess capacity, and it always implies that seller average revenue exceeds unit costs evaluated at the level of sales. Using the nonprofit community hospital as an example, the paper examines the characteristics of excess output policies and the possibilities for controlling their performance impacts. Data on a sample of U.S. community hospitals are used to test for the existence of excess output policies in the hospitals are used to test for the existence of excess output policies in the hospital sector. The results give qualified support for the conclusion that some hospitals follow excess output production policies. 相似文献
9.
We examine the impact of diversification on performance for firms operating in different institutional environments during a relatively stable period and during a major economy‐wide shock. We locate our study in six Asian countries at different levels of institutional development. Results indicate that diversification negatively impacts performance in more developed institutional environments while improving performance only in the least developed environments. Even in the least developed institutional environments, diversification offers limited benefits when an economy‐wide shock strikes. Though successful diversifiers are sometimes affiliated with business groups, diversification is associated with poorer performance for both affiliated firms and independent firms. In sum, we find that the outcomes of diversification are influenced by institutional environments, economic stability and affiliation with business groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
Mahmood Hasan Khan 《Agricultural Economics》2001,24(3):315-328
This study surveys the experience of agricultural taxation in developing countries in the context of the ongoing policy debate about the tax structure and administration affecting agricultural producers. Using the examples of a number of countries, it analyzes the conceptual and practical problems associated with different tax regimes. Governments in most countries have reduced indirect (export) taxes on agricultural producers. However, the revenue from direct taxes on farmers has not increased. A major problem in most countries has been the measurement of (actual) agricultural income. Different measures for presumed income have been used with varying success. They seem to have the most potential for increased revenue in many countries, but their effective implementation is constrained by the political and administrative considerations. 相似文献