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Krzysztof Borodako Jadwiga Berbeka Michał Rudnicki 《Journal of Convention & Event Tourism》2015,16(2):93-115
The aim of this article is to evaluate the external and internal factors motivating the selection of business services to be outsourced by key meeting-industry (business tourism) players, with a particular focus on knowledge-intensive business services. The case-study method was adopted in the article to analyze the motivation behind outsourcing of knowledge-intensive business services by meeting venues and event companies in Krakow (Poland). The results confirm that event companies tend to subcontract out core services connected with the organization, promotion and/or management of events, event services, and technical support for events. 相似文献
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The successive changes of asset prices are the most visible manifestation of financial markets dynamics. There exist different views about factors generating these changes, but many researchers and practitioners agree that the most important among them is the impact of information flow. According to the market microstructure theories, it depends mainly on the behavior of informed and uniformed traders. In the paper, we investigate dependencies between the possible proxies of information process: price duration and corresponding to it volume change and return. Our main objective is to answer the question about the most important factor in the process of discovering information by uniformed traders. We apply a set of models for volatility, volume and duration data. Our analysis is performed for selected equities listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange and uses tick-by-tick data. The obtained results show that the stock liquidity on this leading stock market in Central and Eastern Europe is the most important factor influencing the process of discovering information by uninformed traders. 相似文献
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The objective of this study is to conduct a network analysis of the air and train connections between selected cities in Central and Eastern Europe in the context of business tourism. The selected cities are key destinations for the meeting industry in this part of Europe. The study was initiated due to the huge significance of business travel for these cities. The authors of this paper analysed the interconnections between these cities and identified the leaders of the industry in the region. This paper is also based on a case study approach and analysis relating to the cities. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A class of sequential estimation procedures is considered in the case when relevant data may become available only at random times. The exact distributions of the optimal stopping time and the number of observations at the moment of stopping are derived in some sequential procedures. The results obtained in an explicit form are applied to derive the expected time of observing the process, the average number of observations and the expected loss of sequential estimation procedures based on delayed observations. The use of the results is illustrated in a special model of normally distributed observations and the Weibull distributed lifetimes. The probabilistic characteristics are also derived for an adaptive sequential procedures and the behavior of the adaptive procedure is compared with the corresponding optimal sequential procedure. 相似文献
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Ryszard Rapacki 《Post - Communist Economies》2013,25(3):341-357
This article surveys the behaviour of public expenditure in Poland. The analysis is conducted against a theoretical background outlining the basic government functions and possible government failures in a market economy. The first part provides an overview of major trends in public expenditure during systemic transformation in Poland. It also highlights the reprioritisation of government objectives in channelling budgetary funds. The second part gives an account of the most salient consequences of the changing pattern of public expenditure and discusses the main policy concerns involved, pointing out the adverse macroeconomic effects of government failure to create or enhance positive externalities for business. The last part outlines the most significant future challenges, with special emphasis on the implications of the public finance crunch that emerged in mid-2001. It also argues that two 'external' factors, globalisation and the forthcoming EU accession, will gain importance in the future in shaping public expenditure in Poland. 相似文献
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This paper investigates changes in the dynamics of linkages between selected national stock markets during the period 1995–2009. The analysis focuses on the possible effects of globalization and differences between crisis and non-crisis periods. We model the dynamics of dependencies between the series of daily returns on selected stock indices over different time periods, and compare strength of the linkages. Our tools are dynamic copula models and a formal sequential testing procedure based on the model confidence set methodology. We consider two types of dependencies: regular dependence measured by means of the conditional Spearman’s rho, and dependencies in extremes quantified by the conditional tail dependence coefficients. The main result consists of a collection of rankings created for the considered subperiods, which show how the mean level of strength of the dependencies have been changing in time. The rankings obtained for Spearman’s rho and tail dependencies differ, which allows us to distinguish between the results of crises and the effect of globalization. 相似文献
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Dana-Nicoleta Lascu Lalita A. Manrai Ajay K. Manrai Ryszard Kleczek 《International Business Review》2006,15(6):641-659
This study compares between firms in the US mature market economy and in the Polish transitional economy. The study found that Poland's past as a planned economy may continue to hinder interdepartmental connectedness and act as an obstacle to firms in adopting a market orientation. According to the study, for Polish firms, there is less shared information and cooperation across departments, and less shared responsibility for departmental tasks, compared to US firms. The status of marketing in Poland remains that of a junior department, subordinate to influences from functional areas such as finance and accounting, which directed production in the former planned economy. The study supports the hypothesis that Polish firms have lower interdepartmental connectedness than US firms and finds strong support for the relationship between interdepartmental connectedness and firm performance. 相似文献