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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
We study the optimal monetary policy in a two-country open-economy model under two monetary arrangements: (a) multiple currencies controlled by independent policy makers; (b) common currencies with a centralized policy maker.
Our findings suggest that: (i) monetary policy competition leads to higher long-term inflation and interest rates with large welfare losses; (ii) the inflation bias and the consequent losses are larger when countries are unable to commit to future policies; (iii) the welfare losses from higher long-term inflation dominates the welfare costs of losing the ability to react optimally to shocks. 相似文献
Our findings suggest that: (i) monetary policy competition leads to higher long-term inflation and interest rates with large welfare losses; (ii) the inflation bias and the consequent losses are larger when countries are unable to commit to future policies; (iii) the welfare losses from higher long-term inflation dominates the welfare costs of losing the ability to react optimally to shocks. 相似文献
2.
Vincenzo Denicolò Luigi Alberto Franzoni 《Journal of Economics & Management Strategy》2004,13(3):517-538
We analyze optimal patent design when innovators can rely on secrecy to protect their innovations. Secrecy has no fixed term but does not preclude accidental disclosure nor independent creation by other inventors. We derive the optimal scope of the rights conferred to such second inventors, showing that if the patent life is set optimally, second inventors should be allowed to patent and to exclude first inventors who have relied on secrecy. We then identify conditions under which it is socially desirable to increase patent life as much as is necessary to induce first inventors to patent. The circumstances in which it is preferable that they rely on secrecy seem rather limited . 相似文献
3.
Vincenzo Quadrini 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2014,116(1):190-217
In this paper, I study a model in which shocks to asset prices affect the real sector of the economy through a credit channel. As financial markets become internationally integrated, the economy becomes less vulnerable to domestic asset‐price shocks, but more vulnerable to foreign asset‐price shocks. To the extent that monetary policy stabilization is feasible and desirable, the globalization of financial markets shifts the focus of monetary policy from domestic asset prices to worldwide asset prices. 相似文献
4.
Vincenzo Caponi 《International Economic Review》2011,52(2):523-547
This article presents an intergenerational self‐selection model of migration and education that is capable of explaining the evolution of earnings and education across three generations of immigrants. By structurally estimating the model, it is possible to quantify the sacrifices made by the first generation of Mexican immigrants for the benefits of future generations. In particular, the estimation results suggest that there is a significant one time loss of human capital of immigrants upon migration, that migrants are positively selected from the ability distribution, and that they transmit substantial human capital to their children. Finally, the model is used to evaluate the effects of social policies designed to reduce the “brain drain” from Mexico to the United States. 相似文献
5.
We consider the credit risk model of Collin-Dufresne and Goldstein (2001). According to this model, the price of a defaultable bond can be efficiently computed using a variational formulation that consists of an integral relation and a Volterra integral equation. In Collin-Dufresne and Goldstein (2001) this integral equation is justified by a probabilistic intuition, but is not proven formally. In this paper we analytically derive the variational formulation used in Collin-Dufresne and Goldstein (2001). This analysis allows to give a correct characterization of the solution of the integral equation. Furthermore the approach proposed in this paper could also be employed for other models of credit risk. 相似文献
6.
We examine the role of school grades as a signal of worker productivity under different examination systems in relation to
errors that may affect student performance. Firms use school grades as a signal of workers’ effective skills, taking into
account that these evaluations are effected by stochastic shocks. We show that more precise evaluation systems, being associated
with a higher reactivity of wages to school grades, induce students to provide more effort. Low ability students tend to react
less than high ability students. Moreover, individuals with low abilities may prefer less accurate evaluation systems. Nevertheless,
when productivity increases, these systems become less convenient and the number of individuals preferring them diminishes.
Our analysis highlights an important trade-off between centralised and decentralised evaluation systems. On the one hand,
frequent evaluations, typical of decentralised systems, weaken the impact on grades of those errors which influence student
performance and, so, reduce signal noise, while, on the other hand, different teachers generally adopt different performance
assessment standards, leading to noisier evaluations. 相似文献
7.
In the present competitive environment, excellence in each phase of the productive process and flexibility are critical requirements in every business. Virtual enterprises have been proposed as an inter-organizational model characterized by both strong incentives to suppliers’ performance and high flexibility. Nonetheless, virtual enterprises are not ubiquitous as some suggest they should be. This paper compares virtual enterprises with other models for the organization of production: Markets, vertically integrated firms and networks. We formulate hypotheses that virtual enterprises are suitable for firms producing complex, modular products, with frequent changes in components, but low knowledge specificity. Virtual enterprises are suitable for a group of industries that is limited, but of growing importance. 相似文献
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10.
Vincenzo Denicolò 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》1988,11(1-2):133-146
Questo lavoro estende il teorema di impossiblità di Arrow al caso di preferenza sociale stretta non transitiva. In particolare, si dimostra che se una Funzione di Decisione Sociale (FDS) soddisfa le condizioni di dominio universale, indipendenza dalle alternative irrilevanti, transitività della relazione di indifferenza sociale, il principio di Pareto forte e la regola di indifferenza paretiana, allora la FDS deve essere dittatoriale. Vengono inoltre illustrate le implicazioni di tale risultato per il caso in cui la FDS soddisfa la condizione di dualità.
Summary This paper extend's Arrow's impossiblity theorem to the case where strict social preference may be intransitive. The main result of the paper is that if a Social Decision Function satisfies Unrestricted Domain, Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives, Transitivity of Social Indifference, the Strong Pareto Principle, and the Pareto Indifference Rule, then there exists a dictator. An application of this result is a new impossibility theorem concerning SDF obeying the condition of Duality. As a by-product of this analysis, the relationships between Neutrality and Duality are somewhat clarified.相似文献