Putting Bosnia in its Place: Critical Geopolitics and the Representation of Bosnia in the British Print Media

Media reporting of the Bosnian Conflict (1992–1995) was significant in shaping Western policy responses to the collapse of the former Yugoslavia. This article considers the role of the British print media in articulating and representing Bosnia as a place in the geographical imagination. Bosnia, for many, was a sophisticated place in the heart of Europe whilst for others it was Bosnia's Balkan identity and all the associated negative connotations which informed journalistic reports. Representations of Bosnia were further complicated by the use of historical and geographical analogies. Finally I argue that the war of words which defined the Bosnian conflict as a ‘civil war’ and the result of ‘ancient ethnic hatreds’ resulted in the war being seen as a humanitarian catastrophe requiring a humanitarian response. These contested and contradictory narratives of place had profound consequences for political and military strategies during the war and for the final settlement at Dayton in 1995.     

Temperature and Growth: A Panel Analysis of the United States

We document that seasonal temperatures have significant and systematic effects on the U.S. economy, both at the aggregate level and across a wide cross section of economic sectors. This effect is particularly strong for the summer: a F increase in the average summer temperature is associated with a reduction in the annual growth rate of state‐level output of 0.15 to 0.25 percentage points. We combine our estimates with projected increases in seasonal temperatures and find that rising temperatures could reduce U.S. economic growth by up to one‐third over the next century.