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排序方式: 共有58条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This paper attempts to combine the political economics models on separation of powers between the legislature and the executive with public choice theories on the behavior of the judicial branch. We obtain a model of political accountability and checks and balances with up to three government branches: the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. We conclude that an independent judiciary improves the political accountability of democratic systems relative to the political economics models with two government branches. An accommodating judiciary, however, changes the distribution of political rents without improving accountability. 相似文献
2.
对外资水务企业在我国直接投资的发展阶段进行研究,认为外资水务企业在我国的直接投资大致经历了初期、扩张与撤退并存、停滞与渗透并存3个阶段;探讨了外资水务企业进入我国市场带来的主要问题,即:水务产业安全、与我国水务企业的竞争加剧、公众利益保护等。最后提出解决以上问题的方案:根据水务产业的特征将水务产业链细分成自然垄断环节和非自然垄断环节,对自然垄断环节进行严格的管制,而非自然垄断环节,可以适度引入竞争机制;通过示范效应和人才流动学习外资水务企业先进的管理经营和技术,构建我国水务企业的竞争优势;提高公众和企业的参与度,加强对外资水务企业的监督管理。 相似文献
3.
Participatory planning experiences highlight the crucial role of cognitions produced, shared and used throughout participatory processes. The construction of spatial plans is more and more intended as a socio/political activity producing highly cognitive visions able to guide collective action and make a common good of it.In accordance with the view that a relevant portion of such knowledge is revealed only through action, the paper proposes the idea of structuring-scenarios as open entities able to structure action and, consequently, to bridge participatory knowledge to the impetuous practice of action.The paper first presents and discusses the role of structuring-scenarios in the work carried out while developing an environmental plan for the delta area of the Po River in Italy. Then it reflects on the main features of content and structure of such scenarios. Finally, the paper analyses the ‘structuring properties’ of these scenarios and their role in structuring action. 相似文献
4.
Grazia Ietto-Gillies 《Local Economy》1987,2(2):133-140
For the next few years, economic and employment policies will be dominated by the Conservative Government's programme. However, the debate on “alternative” policies should not be allowed to die. This review suggests that the issues raised by “Rethinking Socialist Economics” deserves serious attention. 相似文献
5.
Cristina Grazia François Gusdorf Abdelhakim Hammoudi 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2014,58(4):579-603
This paper analyzes the instability introduced into multilateral agreements by two types of heterogeneity: heterogeneity of countries (size and number of producing members) and heterogeneity of lobbies (asymmetric influence at the national versus the international level). The work extends theoretical prospective analyses on environmental taxation, as illustrated by the harmonization of fuel taxes. We show that the acceptability of the tax set at the multilateral level depends on the type of coalitions that participate in the multilateral negotiation (size and number of producing countries) and the asymmetry in the local (state-level) power of lobbies during negotiations. 相似文献
6.
What constitutes the middle class is hotly debated. Following an income-based approach, a main issue concerns how to fix the income boundaries that define the middle-income tier. This paper offers a novel model-based approach to the use of self-reported class evaluation for identifying those boundaries. The self-declared status responses are modeled using a non-conventional parametrization of an ordered logistic model. In this parametrization, the cut-points of the model are directly interpretable as income boundaries, and the variance of the errors captures the idiosyncratic heterogeneity of the outcome variable. The use of subjective data is exemplified in the estimation of the middle class in Kazakhstan over the period 2003–2015. 相似文献
7.
Vincenzo Pacelli Francesca Pampurini Anna Grazia Quaranta 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2023,32(1):30-41
In the last decade, the demand for sustainable and social investments has improved. The mutual funds industry has responded to market needs by offering a number of investment products focused on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) companies. The aim of this article is to understand if an ESG score can actually be considered a valid criterion that portfolio managers could adopt, along with traditional risk–return optimisation, in selecting asset portfolios. The paper analyses the link between the performance and the ESG score of different sectoral portfolios (one for each sector of the Global Industry Classification Standard), entirely composed of ESG assets, in the search for a clear and strong positive correlation that could suggest an overall advantage to focus on an ex ante choice of assets with high ESG scores. 相似文献
8.
Innovative profits (of the kind conceptualized by Schumpeter) are today being increasingly created through international
corporate networks for technological development. Such profits through innovation are encouraged by newer more flexible organizational
forms, and further encouraged (unlike in the conventional perspective on profits and on the incentive to innovate) by knowledge
flows between firms. Our empirical evidence, based on US patent data, shows that multinational companies are currently more
likely to develop abroad technologies which are less science-based, and less dependent upon tacit knowledge. However, within
the science-based industries firms may generate abroad some technologies which are heavily dependent on tacit knowledge, but
normally in fields that lie outside their own core technological competencies. We find some evidence of a convergence in corporate
technological diversification across large firms, facilitated by the now common spread in the use of information and communication
technologies (ICT) as an integrator of formerly separate technological systems. This has led smaller firms to diversify, but
giant firms to consolidate activity around those technologies that have become most interrelated. 相似文献
9.
The paper compares the structural characteristics, market conditions, organizational features, strategic behaviour and performance of merged versus non-merged private business establishments in Britain. The results are based on the analysis of the 1990 Workplace Industrial Relations Survey. The following conclusions are reached: merged establishments tend to be rather old, of small to medium size, more likely to be foreign-owned and to be involved in manufacturing. Compared to non-merged establishments they are likely to operate in international and oligopolistic markets, in multi-products and in conglomerate businesses. The merged manufacturing establishments are more likely to have been involved in restructuring strategies and to have cut jobs and achieved productivity gains. More merged establishments declare a below-average financial performance. 相似文献
10.
The literature so far provides no in-depth investigation of the determinants of decisions to contribute to crowdfunding platforms. The present article draws on work measuring the decisions and prosocial behaviours of individuals in relation to public goods, and uses survey data on crowdfunding behaviour. We surveyed an original sample of individuals in France to explore individual decisions and amounts of funding chosen to support a creative project. We show that in non-equity crowdfunding contributing money is associated with altruism. Our findings suggest that the ‘warm glow’ effect influences the level of the contribution; we show also those monetary incentives could ‘crowd out’ the decisions to contribute of crowdfunders. Our study has some implications for business strategy since understanding why people contribute adds to our knowledge about the incentives that might encourage them to increase their contributions, and allows predictions about how changes to how crowdfunding platforms are managed might affect individual incentives to give. 相似文献