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We investigate public–private pay determination using French, British and Italian microdata. While traditional methods focus on parametric methods to estimate the public sector pay gap, in this paper, we use both non-parametric (kernel) and quantile regression methods to analyze the distribution of wages across sectors. We show that the public–private (hourly) wage differential is sensitive to the choice of quantile and that the pattern of premia varies with both gender and skill. In all countries the public sector is found to pay more to low skilled workers with respect to the private sector, whilst the reverse is true for high skilled workers. When comparing results across countries, we find that where pay formation is more regulated (i.e. as in France and Italy) the public sector pay gap is smaller; whilst where market factors play a larger role in pay determination (i.e. as in Great Britain) the public sector pay gap is larger—particularly in the lower part of the wage distribution—and females are much better off in the public sector as compared to the private sector. 相似文献
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According to the neo-liberal model, the high levels of unemployment and collapsing real wages of transition will reallocate labor to new activities. But whether and how households actually reallocate labor is the subject of growing debate. We use survey data from Bulgaria to develop a typology of rural households based on their labor allocation characteristics. We find a diversity of outcomes. A significant share of households experience no change in labor allocation, some shift labor to own commercial enterprises, but a significant minority are displaced from the emerging market economy. Potential for informal activity among these households appears limited. Of great concern is the regional concentration of such households. 相似文献
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Gender bargaining power has entered into mainstream economic theory and public policy. However, common empirical measures are only loosely related to the theoretical concept, and research has not produced consistent results regarding the causal chains underlying women’s empowerment. This study critically examines accepted measures of bargaining power, arguing that participation in specific household decisions is not directly associated with the theoretical concept of bargaining power. The study analyzes the relationship between measures of participation in household decisions and individual and household characteristics thought to contribute to bargaining power. Using Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data on Bangladesh over the period 1999–2011, the study finds that despite the loose relationship of the survey questions to the theoretical construct bargaining power, the decision-making questions provide relatively consistent and theoretically supported measures of this unobservable characteristic. Simple changes in using the measures would contribute to more robust and consistent findings. 相似文献
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Auditing Quality of Research in Social Sciences 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sanne Akkerman Wilfried Admiraal Mieke Brekelmans Heinze Oost 《Quality and Quantity》2008,42(2):257-274
A growing body of studies involves complex research processes facing many interpretations and iterations during the analyses.
Complex research generally has an explorative in-depth qualitative nature. Because these studies rely less on standardized
procedures of data gathering and analysis, it is often not clear how quality was insured or assured. However, one can not
easily find techniques that are suitable for such complex research processes to assess the quality of the study. In this paper,
we discuss and present a suitable validation procedure. We first discuss how ‘diagnosing’ quality involves three generic criteria.
Next, we present findings of previous research in possible procedures to assure the quality of research in social sciences.
We introduce the audit procedure designed by Halpern [(1983) Auditing Naturalistic Inquiries: The Development and Application of a Model. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University] we found an appropriate starting point for a suitable procedure for
quality judgment. Subsequently, we will present a redesign of the original procedure, with according guidelines for the researcher
(the auditee) and for the evaluator of the quality of the study (the auditor). With that design, we aim to enable researchers
to bring forward their explorative qualitative studies as stronger and more equally valuable to studies that can rely on standardized
procedures. 相似文献
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Thomas Van Waeyenberg Adelien Decramer Sebastian Desmidt Mieke Audenaert 《Public Management Review》2017,19(6):747-764
In search of maximizing efficiency, public organizations found solace in the adoption of employee performance management (EPM) systems. While research supports that managing employees’ performance has favourable outcomes, it is still unclear why and under which conditions. Moreover, EPM systems might even create additional pressures and therefore increase turnover intentions and undermine public organization’s quest to maximize efficiency. We argue that when EPM systems are carried out consistently (i.e. internal consistency) and when they link civil servants’ individual goals to the organization’s strategic goals (i.e. vertical alignment), civil servants will be less likely to leave the organization. Hierarchical linear regression analysis shows that internal consistency relates to increased satisfaction with the EPM system and affective commitment to the organization. Vertical alignment relates to lower levels of turnover intentions. This relationship was mediated by EPM system satisfaction and affective commitment. These findings that contribute to our understanding of EPM systems can lead to favourable outcomes. 相似文献
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Marc Buelens Mieke Van De Woestyne Steven Mestdagh Dave Bouckenooghe 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2008,17(4):321-345
This study provides insight into the dominant methodological practices that have shaped the field of negotiation over the
past four decades and sheds light on possible gaps and trade-offs. We content analyzed 941 peer-reviewed negotiation articles
(published between 1965 and 2004) and identified the most important methodological trends over time. The results reveal significant
changes in reliability, validity, and triangulation issues. In addition, the rise of multivariate statistics and multiple
data sources displays positive evolution towards more sophisticated methodologies. Despite these positive evolutions, we want
to encourage current and future researchers to conduct more longitudinal and qualitative research to further advance our knowledge
on negotiation. 相似文献
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Melanie De Vocht An-Sofie Claeys Mieke Uyttendaele Benedikt Sas 《Journal of Risk Research》2016,19(3):316-330
Authorities often refrain from communicating risks out of fear to arouse negative feelings amongst the public and to create negative reactions in terms of the public’s behavior. This study examines the impact of communicating risks on the public’s feelings and behavioral intentions regarding an uncontrollable risk related to fresh produce. In addition, the impact of risk communication is compared between a situation in which the risk either does or does not develop into a crisis, by means of a 2 (risk communication vs. no risk communication)?×?2 (crisis communication vs. no crisis communication) between-subjects factorial design. The results show that communicating risks has a positive impact on the behavioral intention to keep on eating fresh produce compared to when no risk communication was provided, as it reduces negative feelings amongst the public. In addition, the findings illustrate that when a risk develops into an actual crisis, prior risk communication can result in greater trust in the government and reduce perceived government responsibility for the crisis when the crisis hits. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that risk communication is an effective tool for authorities in preparing the public for potential crises. The findings indicate that communicating risks does not raise negative reactions amongst the public, on the contrary, and that it results in more positive perceptions of the authorities. 相似文献
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The digitalisation of business processes has led to the new opportunity of investigating process executions by using process mining. The complex preparation step of building an event log is often perceived as a technical task, although business considerations should be involved. In this paper, we examine via an experimental study whether and how a guiding procedure supports the performance of this task. Our findings provide insights into the parts played by business and technical considerations in this task and suggest that procedural guidance positively impacts the process of building an event log and its outcome. 相似文献
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