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1.
We investigate the roots of scientists' perceptions of the impact of their work by examining stable psychological characteristics such as personality traits. An analysis of personality traits highlights the effects of policies related to gender equality, allocation of research time and skills acquisition. It improves our understanding of the conflicts related to scientists’ perceptions of the impact of their research on beneficiaries. For example, conscientiousness increases the perceived impact on clinical beneficiaries, but reduces the perceived impact on industrial beneficiaries. Organizational scientific freedom increases the effects of personality traits on perceived impact on beneficiaries such that scientists affiliated to a university are less likely than colleagues working in other research settings to perceive the simultaneous impact of their work on both industrial and clinical beneficiaries. 相似文献
2.
3.
The aim of this paper is to provide a connection between concentration and inequality. In particular, we show that the general
entropy inequality indices are, among inequality measures, those consistent with the whole set of Hannah-Kay concentration
indices. We isolate the inequality component underlying concentration measures, obtaining an explicit additive decomposition
of the change in concentration into the change in its two components, i.e., inequality and the number of firms. This relationship
proves to be valid for the whole set of Hannah-Kay concentration indices, and embodies as particular cases some others previously
found in the literature.
We are particularly grateful to Emilio Cerdá for helpful comments on the mathematical formulation of the paper. The second
author also acknowledges support through the European Commission Project #ERBCHRXCT980248. 相似文献
4.
Oscar Alfranca Joan Oca Lourdes Reig 《International Advances in Economic Research》2004,10(2):150-158
The objective of this paper is to estimate the dynamics of aquaculture and fish prices as a response to price shocks. The
vector autoregression approach will be used to explain the dynamics of the sea bream market in both cultured and wild fishing.
The main result is that changes in public regulation or in production conditions could stimulate production responses which
may take time to settle. Usually, the change is a matter of adjusting between equilibria over a period of time, with the pattern
and speed of the adjustment, depending on the nature and degree of disequilibrium in the fishing system.
Comments from reviewers have been incorporated into the paper and are gratefully acknowledged. Financial support was provided
by Direcció General de Recerca, Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació project No SGR2001-160. 相似文献
5.
Summary The uniform rule is considered to be the most important rule for the problem of allocating an amount of a perfectly divisible good between agents who have single-peaked preferences. The uniform rule was studied extensively in the literature and several characterizations were provided. The aim of this paper is to provide two different formulations and corresponding axiomatizations of the uniform rule. These formulations resemble the Nash and the lexicographic egalitarian bargaining solutions; the corresponding axiomatizations are based on axioms of independence of irrelevant alternatives and restricted monotonicity.The authors are grateful to Jeffrey Banks, Steve Ching, Vincent Feltkamp, Bezalel Peleg, Sang-Young Sonn, William Thomson and an anonymous referee for helpful comments. 相似文献
6.
Oscar Alfranca 《International Advances in Economic Research》2005,11(2):201-213
The objective of this paper is to present econometric evidence of the effects of economic incentives, public policies, and institutions on national aggregate private agricultural R&D investments. The main hypothesis we will test in this paper is whether agricultural R&D spillovers represent a disincentive for national private R&D. More specifically, we will test if the spillovers function, which is a determinant of private R&D, follows a quadratic form and if private R&D is determined by the role of incentives and institutions.A previous draft of this paper was presented at the 57th International Atlantic Economic Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, 10–14 March 2004. Comments from participants have been very useful to improve the paper. 相似文献
7.
Oscar Fisch 《Regional Science and Urban Economics》1981,11(2):157-173
One of the purposes of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing efforts to formulate a mathematical framework for a general theory of movement. It shows that in a particular model, and from a different perspective and a slight reinterpretation, Alonso's seminal articulation holds. 相似文献
8.
We use data envelopment analysis (DEA) efficiency scores to show that clustering municipalities into encompassing regional clusters improves spending efficiency of single stand-alone municipalities. We propose a new geographic aggregation based on municipalities-to-municipalities commuting flows, defined using hierarchical cluster analysis. Our example for Portugal shows that from an output-oriented perspective between 83% and 98% of municipalities would increase their efficiency scores, while from an input-oriented perspective between 86% and 98% of municipalities would also be better off in terms of efficiency. Then using a linear regression model, we find that population increases positively affects the efficient scores (via scale economies). Also, increases in the share of high-educated and poorer residents leads to higher efficiency scores. 相似文献
9.
Multidisciplinary innovation is the main engine of growth for an increasing number of economies. Innovation requires the participation of and interaction between all economic agents. It also requires public spending on education, research and infrastructures. Our main goal is to emphasize the government's role in a growing innovation economy. Developing a non‐scale, idea‐based, one‐sector growth model with complementarities and productive public expenditure, we analyse theoretically the growth effects of an increase in productive public expenditure, which we find positive in the short, medium and long run. 相似文献
10.
Fernando de Oliveira Santini Valter Afonso Vieira Wagner Junior Ladeira Claudio Hoffmann Sampaio 《Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l\u0027Administration》2019,36(2):149-162
Sales control systems are instruments used by firms to improve performance and other organizational outcomes. To understand their antecedents and consequences, this paper conducts a meta‐analysis based on 104 studies. The results showed significant relationships between behaviour‐ and outcome‐based control systems and the complexity of the products, bonuses, financial performance, sales innovation, organizational support and satisfaction with supervisors. The outcomes revealed that behaviour‐based control systems were the most effective mechanism in turbulent markets and for determining financial performance. However, outcome‐based control systems were the most efficient instrument for complex products. 相似文献