排序方式: 共有29条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A multivariate Poisson mixture model for marketing applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tom Brijs Dimitris Karlis † Gilbert Swinnen Koen Vanhoof Geert Wets Puneet Manchanda ‡ 《Statistica Neerlandica》2004,58(3):322-348
This paper describes a multivariate Poisson mixture model for clustering supermarket shoppers based on their purchase frequency in a set of product categories. The multivariate nature of the model accounts for cross-selling effects between the purchases made in different product categories. However, for computational reasons, most multivariate approaches limit the covariance structure by including just one common interaction term, or by not including any covariance at all. Although this reduces the number of parameters significantly, it is often too simplistic as typically multiple interactions exist on different levels. This paper proposes a theoretically more complete variance/covariance structure of the multivariate Poisson model, based on domain knowledge or preliminary statistical analysis of significant purchase interaction effects in the data. Consequently, the model does not contain more parameters than necessary, whilst still accounting for the existing covariance in the data. Practically, retail category managers can use the model to devise customized merchandising strategies. 相似文献
2.
Modeling social interactions: Identification, empirical methods and policy implications 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wesley R. Hartmann Puneet Manchanda Harikesh Nair Matthew Bothner Peter Dodds David Godes Kartik Hosanagar Catherine Tucker 《Marketing Letters》2008,19(3-4):287-304
Social interactions occur when agents in a network affect other agents’ choices directly, as opposed to via the intermediation of markets. The study of such interactions and the resultant outcomes has long been an area of interest across a wide variety of social sciences. With the advent of electronic media that facilitate and record such interactions, this interest has grown sharply in the business world as well. In this paper, we provide a brief summary of what is known so far, discuss the main challenges for researchers interested in this area, and provide a common vocabulary that will hopefully engender future (cross disciplinary) research. The paper considers the challenges of distinguishing actual causal social interactions from other phenomena that may lead to a false inference of causality. Further, we distinguish between two broadly defined types of social interactions that relate to how strongly interactions spread through a network. We also provide a very selective review of how insights from other disciplines can improve and inform modeling choices. Finally, we discuss how models of social interaction can be used to provide guidelines for marketing policy and conclude with thoughts on future research directions. 相似文献
3.
Benjamin Chastek Laura K. Becker Chieh-I Chen Puneet Mahajan Jeffrey R. Curtis 《Journal of medical economics》2017,20(5):464-473
Objectives: To examine treatment patterns, treatment effectiveness, and treatment costs for 1 year after patients with rheumatoid arthritis switched from a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, or infliximab), either cycling to another TNFi (“TNFi cyclers”) or switching to a new mechanism of action (abatacept, tocilizumab, or tofacitinib) (“new MOA switchers”).Methods: This retrospective cohort study used administrative claims data for a national insurer. Treatment persistence (without switching again, restarting, or discontinuing), treatment effectiveness (defined below), and costs were assessed for the 12-month post-switch period. Patients were “effectively treated” if they satisfied all six criteria for a treatment effectiveness algorithm (high adherence, no dose increase, no new conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, no subsequent switch in therapy, no new/increased oral glucocorticoids, and <2 glucocorticoid injections). Multivariable logistic models were used to adjust for baseline factors.Results: The database included 581 new MOA switchers and 935 TNFi cyclers. New MOA switchers were 39% more likely than TNFi cyclers to persist after the switch (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]?=?1.12–1.74; p?=?.003) and 36% less likely to switch therapy again (OR?=?0.64; 95% CI?=?0.51–0.81; p?.001). New MOA switchers were 43% more likely than TNFi cyclers to be effectively treated (OR?=?1.43; 95% CI?=?1.11–1.85; p?=?.006). New MOA switchers had 16% lower drug costs than TNFi cyclers (cost ratio?=?0.84; 95% CI?=?0.79–0.88; p?.001) and 11% lower total costs of rheumatoid arthritis-related medical care (cost ratio?=?0.89; 95% CI?=?0.84–0.94; p?.001).Limitations: Claims payments may not reflect rebates or other cost offsets. Medical and pharmacy claims do not include clinical end-points or reasons that lead to new MOA switching vs TNFi cycling.Conclusions: These results support switching to a new MOA after a patient fails treatment with a TNFi, which is consistent with recent guidelines for the pharmacologic management of established rheumatoid arthritis. 相似文献
4.
Puneet Handa 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》1991,1(2):177-189
Leaseback decisions by firms involve the simultaneous sale of an asset and a lease agreement with the new owner. Examination
of 64 leaseback decisions made by firms during 1979–1987 reveals a significant negative announcement effect. We present a
theoretical framework in which all firms prefer to leaseback when there is symmetric information. When there is asymmetry
of information between the manager and the market, however, firms with favorable prospects prefer to own the asset. Firms
with poor prospects choose to leaseback and capture the associated depreciation tax shield through the sale. Our empirical
results indicate that, besides the significant negative announcement effect, firms proposing a leaseback earn negative returns
in the three months prior to the announcement. We monitor the performance of these firms for five years after the leaseback
decision and compare it to five years before the announcement. There is a significant drop in operating performance as indicated
by several key variables such as operating earnings before depreciation and pretax earnings. This is consistent with the hypothesis
that firms choose to leaseback when faced with unfavorable future prospects.
I would like to thank S.P. Kothari, Cheng-few Lee, Scott Linn, Mike Rozeff, Ramasastry Ambarisha, and an anonymous referee
for their comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies. 相似文献
5.
Puneet Vatsa Junpeng Li Phong Quoc Luu Julio Cesar Botero-R 《Review of Development Economics》2023,27(3):1287-1308
The Internet is integral to modern living. While the Internet is ubiquitous in China's urban areas, its uptake is still lagging in the country's rural regions—the development potential of the Internet remains untapped, and despite China's steep economic growth during the 21st century, the living standards in its rural regions remain low. The Internet can accelerate rural development in China. This study is focused on analyzing whether and to what extent Internet use affects consumption diversity, an indicator of the quality of life, in rural China. To this end, we employ the instrumental-variable-based two-stage endogenous treatment regression model to analyze the 2018 China Family Panel Studies survey data. The modeling approach allows us to account for the endogeneity of Internet use. The results show that consumption diversity is positively associated with Internet use. Furthermore, it rises with household income, household size, and wealth. Whether the Internet is accessed via smartphones or computers has no bearing on household consumption diversity. We also find that education, household income, and wealth increase one's predicted probability of using the Internet. The results also point to regional differences in consumption diversity and the likelihood of using the Internet. 相似文献
6.
Colin Thirtle Bhavani Shankar Puneet Chitkara Somnath Chatterjee & Madhu S. Mohanty 《Review of Development Economics》2000,4(3):340-352
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to measure tax efficiency in 15Indian states from 1980/81 to 1992/93. Tax efficiency is shown to be conditional on state gross domestic product (SDP), agriculture's share in state SDP,and a poverty index. The considerable remaining efficiency differences areattributable to the small size of some tax jurisdiction rather than to technical inefficiency. Multilateral Malmquist tax indices show that six of the states were consistently efficient, while three were consistently inefficient. Tax efficiency grew at an average annual rate of 3.9% until 1986/87, but growth ceased after that date for all but two states. 相似文献
7.
Xiaojing Dong Pradeep K. Chintagunta Puneet Manchanda 《Quantitative Marketing and Economics》2011,9(3):301-337
Multivariate count models represent a natural way of accommodating data from multiple product categories when the dependent
variable in each category is represented by a positive integer. In this paper, we propose a new simultaneous equation multi-category
count data model–the Poisson-lognormal simultaneous equation model–that allows for the Poisson parameter in one equation to
be a function of the Poisson parameters in other equations. While generally applicable to any situation where simultaneity
is an issue and the dependent variables are measured as counts, such a specification is particularly useful for our empirical
application where physicians prescribe drugs in multiple categories. Accounting for the endogeneity of detailing in such situations
requires us to explicitly allow for pharmaceutical firms’ detailing activities in one category to be influenced by their activities
in other categories. Estimation of such a system of equations using traditional maximum likelihood method is cumbersome, so
we propose a simple solution based on using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Our simulation study demonstrates the validity
of the solution algorithm and the biases that would result if such simultaneity is ignored in the estimation process. 相似文献
8.
Gambling and gaming is a very large industry in the United States with about one-third of all adults participating in it on
a regular basis. Using novel and unique behavioral data from a panel of casino gamblers, this paper investigates three aspects
of consumer behavior in this domain. The first is that consumers are addicted to gambling, the second that they act on “irrational”
beliefs, and the third that they are influenced by marketing activity that attempts to influence their gambling behavior.
We use the interrelated consumer decisions to play (gamble) and the amount bet in a casino setting to focus on addiction using
the standard economic definition of addiction. We test for two irrational behaviors, the “gambler’s fallacy” and the “hot
hand myth”—our research represents the first test for these behaviors using disaggregate data in a real (as opposed to a laboratory)
setting. Finally, we look at the effect of marketing instruments on the both the decision to play and the amount bet. Using
hierarchical Bayesian methods to pin down individual-level parameters, we find that about 8% of the consumers in our sample
can be classified as addicted. We find support in our data for the gambler’s fallacy, but not for the hot hand myth. We find
that marketing instruments positively affect gambling behavior, and that consumers who are more addicted are also affected
by marketing to a greater extent. Specifically, the long-run marketing response is about twice as high for the more addicted
consumers. 相似文献
9.
The theory of adverse selection predicts that high‐risk individuals are more likely to buy insurance than low‐risk individuals if asymmetric information regarding individuals’ risk type is present in the market. The theory of advantageous selection predicts the opposite—a negative relationship between insurance coverage and risk type can be obtained when hidden knowledge in other dimensions (e.g., the degree of risk aversion) is present in addition to the risk type. Using the heterogeneity of insurance buyers in either risk type or risk aversion, we first introduce a classroom‐based insurance market simulation game to show that adverse selection and advantageous selection can coexist. We then explain the underlying concepts using two methods: a mathematical framework based on expected utility theory and an empirical framework based on the results of the game itself. The game is easy to implement, reinforces textbook concepts by providing students a hands‐on experience, and supplements current textbooks by bringing their content up to date with current research. 相似文献
10.
Arun T. M. Puneet Kaur Alberto Ferraris Amandeep Dhir 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2021,30(4):2224-2240
Issues regarding green restaurants have received significant scholarly and practitioner attention in the last decade, particularly concerning why consumers adopt green restaurants. Although several reviews exist on green hospitality, a comprehensive review of the literature on consumers' green restaurant adoption is currently lacking. The following systematic literature review examines 50 research studies published on the consumer adoption of green restaurant services to address this gap accordingly. Through a detailed content analysis, the research profile and thematic analysis are presented. The review further identifies four key thematic foci: (a) consumer behavior variables studied, (b) antecedents internal to the consumer, (c) antecedents due to the perception of external factors, and (d) moderators. Limitations and gaps from each of the themes are offered with potential future research questions. The novelty of the review lies in the development of a “green restaurant adoption research framework” that cuts across multiple theoretical perspectives to summarize why consumers adopt green restaurant services. 相似文献