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James D. Reitzes 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2008,33(2):179-200
Under “partial separation,” it is increasingly common for a utility’s upstream affiliate (e.g., an electric generation supplier)
to be unregulated while its downstream affiliate (e.g., the distribution company offering retail service) is subject to regulation.
When choosing the optimal form of downstream regulation, regulators may be confronted with the potential exercise of market
power by the upstream affiliate. This paper finds that the imposition of a downstream price cap with an appropriate profit-sharing
rate can eliminate the upstream affiliate’s exercise of market power. However, it is less desirable to fully mitigate affiliate
market power when upstream rivals also behave strategically.
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This paper examines the current economic environment and recent legislative changesin the U.S. international liner shipping industry, which has operated under antitrustimmunity for cartel agreements since 1916. Specifically, we address the impact ofthe Ocean Shipping Reform Act (OSRA) of 1998, which increased cartel enforcementcosts by reducing the transparency of freight rates and mandating that cartel membershave independent contracting rights. Our analysis looks at industry trends andinvestigates whether OSRA has affected cartel membership, contracting practices,horizontal integration, and freight rates. 相似文献
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Abstract. This paper compares one-part and two-part pricing in a discrete-continuous choice model, providing more extensive welfare results than prior literature. Under two-part pricing, firms may set fixed fees with or without 'unit-price commitment,' where the lack of unit-price commitment is consistent with 'after-market monopolization.' We find that two-part pricing with unit-price commitment is firms' dominant unilateral and joint pricing policy. Two-part pricing without unit-price commitment is the least desirable policy from a welfare standpoint. Under appropriate conditions, one-part pricing produces the highest consumer and social welfare, but the lowest profits. 相似文献
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Garcia Alfredo Reitzes James D. Stacchetti Ennio 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2001,20(3):223-247
In this paper, we develop a simplified oligopoly model where hydro generators engage in dynamic Bertrand competition. Each player uses a Markov strategy based on the state of water reservoirs at the beginning of each period. The replenishing of water reservoirs, which affects generators' productive capacity, is governed by a stochastic process. Also, a price cap, i.e. a maximum bid allowed, is imposed on the market. We develop valuable insights for regulatory policy in predominantly hydro based electricity markets, including the effects of price caps, the efficiency of dispatch under strategic behavior and the likelihood of collusion. 相似文献
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Laurence Schumann James D. Reitzes Robert P. Rogers 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》1997,11(3):271-289
This article examines Weyerhaeuser's acquisition of Menasha Corporation's west-coast corrugating medium and corrugated box operations. The Federal Trade Commission challenged the acquisition based on anticompetitive concerns arising from concentration in the corrugating medium market and ignored the potential for efficiencies in corrugated box production due to Weyerhaeuser's increased vertical integration. Our analysis also considers pricing behavior during the "hold-separate" period when the court attempted to maintain the acquired corrugating-medium mill as an "independent" entity. We find that the unfettered acquisition likely led to lower prices, and the hold-separate order may have created agency problems that permitted anticompetitive behavior and prevented efficiencies. 相似文献
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We investigate the impact of FERC’s policy to create Independent System Operators (ISOs) that independently manage regional
electricity transmission resources and institute regional electricity exchange markets. Our analysis examines how the formation
of the PJM ISO affected inter-regional electricity trading costs during the period from March 1997 to June 2002. We also examine
how ISO formation affected the likelihood of encountering “congestion” in trading electricity between PJM and adjoining regions
(particularly the New York ISO and the more loosely organized East Central Area of Reliability (ECAR)). In addition, our analysis
estimates the marginal economic value of increased inter-regional transfer capability.
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Optimal entry policy is considered in markets served by both domestic and foreign firms. Compared with the prior entry literature, introducing foreign producers as market participants reduces incentives for entry deterrence and enhances incentives for entry subsidization. Incentives are changed because entry produces "terms-of-trade" gains. The optimal entry subsidy is analyzed under complete and incomplete information regarding the entrant's costs. Incomplete cost information creates differences in the optimal subsidy for domestic and foreign entrants, with foreign entrants relatively less subsidized. Domestic entrants with low marginal costs are oversubsidized and those with high marginal costs are undersubsidized. 相似文献
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Alfredo?GarciaEmail author James?D.?Reitzes Juan?Benavides 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2005,27(1):5-24
In this paper we revisit incentive contract design in a simple setting, after developing a model that captures the fact that in weak institutional settings the procurement of large scale public works through contracts with strong incentives for private firms, may result in excessive litigation over contract terms. This result is possible because we assume that parties in litigation can influence (by purchasing better or more legal services) the observable merits of their case. In weak institutional settings, governments have an inherent disadvantage in these litigation contests. We show that a commitment to a prespecified level of litigation effort by the government, together with weaker incentive contracts, is a more efficient procurement mechanism.Jel Classification: D8, H57, H54, K41, K23, L51 相似文献
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