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排序方式: 共有108条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Wolfgang Buchholz Swapan Dasgupta Tapan Mitra 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2005,107(3):547-561
In a standard exhaustible resource model, it is known that if, along a competitive path, investment in the augmentable capital good equals the rents on the exhaustible resource (known as Hartwick's rule), then the path is equitable in the sense that the consumption level is constant over time. In this paper, we show the converse of this result: if a competitive path is equitable, then it must satisfy Hartwick's rule. 相似文献
2.
On the concept of optimum population 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dasgupta PS 《The Review of economic studies》1969,36(3):295-318
The economic welfare of a community is affected by policies that determine both the rate of capital accumulation and the rate of growth of population. The optimum size of population at any point is time will depend on the size of the existing capital stock and the optimum rate of savings will depend on the existing number of people. Consequently, in this sense, a population policy cannot be developed without a concurrent savings policy. The criterion of optimality that will be used is the ma ximization of the total discounted welfare of all generations from now to infinity. The problem will be to select that rate of savings and that size of population at every moment which will achieve this maximum welfare if, in fact, a maximum exists. An inquiry is made into the existence of an optimum policy under various circumstances. An attempt is made to evaluate the consequences of various ethical beliefs. 相似文献
3.
A bargaining model of regulation is developed. It is shown that regulated firms can improve their bargaining positions and induce the regulator to set higher prices for firm output by choosing more debt. Firms, in choosing an optimal level of debt, trade off this bargaining advantage against expected bankruptcy costs. The model predicts that firms would tend to choose higher levels of debt in harsher regulatory environments. This prediction is shown to be consistent with cross-sectional evidence for U.S. electric utilities for the sample period 1972–1983. 相似文献
4.
Learning and knowledge diffusion in a global economy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kunal Dasgupta 《Journal of International Economics》2012,87(2):323-336
I develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to understand how multinationals affect host countries through knowledge diffusion. Workers in the model learn from their managers and knowledge diffusion takes place through worker mobility. Unlike in a model without learning, I present a novel mechanism through which an integrated equilibrium represents a Pareto improvement for the host country. I go on to explore other dynamic consequences of integration. The entry of multinationals makes the lifetime earning profiles of host country workers steeper. At the same time, if agents learn fast enough, integration creates unequal opportunities, thereby widening inequality. The ex-workers of foreign multinationals also found new firms which are, on average, larger than the largest firms under autarky. 相似文献
5.
6.
Women's employment, intra-household bargaining, and distribution: a two-sector analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper investigates the intra-household impact of an expansionin employment opportunities for women in a dual labor market,when the informal sector functions as a gateway to the formalsector. We us a variant of the Harris-Todaro framework withtwo-period overlapping generations to model this economy. Laborallocation decisions and distribution of household consumptionare determined according to the generalized Nash cooperativebargaining solution, and agents have perfect foresight. It isshown that an increase in demand for women's labor can shiftintra-household distribution in favor of men and thereby reducewomen's welfare. 相似文献
7.
On the Welfare Significance of National Product for Economic Growth and Sustainable Development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper formulates an investment value transversality condition in a continuous-time growth model, which characterizes competitive paths along which current net national product measures the welfare achieved along the path. This transversality condition requires that the present value of net investment goes to zero asymptotically. An example provided shows that, in general, competitive paths do not necessarily satisfy this condition. It is also shown that, in a standard growth model including an exhaustible resource as an essential factor of production, competitive paths always satisfy this condition. Implications regarding national income accounting procedures and sustainable development policies are discussed.
JEL Classification Numbers: D90; O11; O41; Q32. 相似文献
JEL Classification Numbers: D90; O11; O41; Q32. 相似文献
8.
We explore the relation between two ‘rationality conditions’ for stochastic choice behavior: regularity and the weak axiom
of stochastic revealed preference (WASRP). We show that WASRP implies regularity, but the converse is not true. We identify
a restriction on the domain of the stochastic choice function, which suffices for regularity to imply WASRP. When the universal
set of alternatives is finite, this restriction is also necessary for regularity to imply WASRP. Furthermore, we identify
necessary and sufficient domain restrictions for regularity to imply WASRP, when the universal set of alternatives is finite
and stochastic choice functions are all degenerate. Results in the traditional, deterministic, framework regarding the relation
between Chernoff’s condition and the weak axiom of revealed preference follow as special cases. Thus, general conditions are
established, under which regularity can substitute for WASRP as the axiomatic foundation for a theory of choice behavior. 相似文献
9.
Experiments in real life often involve comparisons of test treatments to more than one control. However, the controls may not always be of equal importance. In this paper we introduce weighted MV optimality criterion and present a detailed study using both weighted A and MV optimality criteria, of the problem of optimally comparing a set of test treatments to two controls (positive and a negative) that are of unequal importance to the experimenter. 相似文献
10.
The paper brings a mechanism design perspective to the study of contests. We consider the problem of selecting a contest success function when the contest designer may also value the prize. We show that any equilibrium outcome that can be achieved by a concave increasing contest success function can be replicated by a linear contest success function. An expected utility maximizing designer should employ a linear homogeneous contest success function. We explicitly derive the optimal contest for a risk-neutral designer and present comparative statics results. Tullock's contest is optimal only when the designer's valuation for the prize is low. 相似文献