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This paper focuses on the determinants of aggregate investment spending in the UK for the industrial and commercial companies (ICC) sector. It complements recent work by Cuthbertson and Gasparro, who study an augmented Tobin’s q model of investment in the manufacturing sector. Important focal points of our analysis are a role for real profits (internal funds), which allow firms to combat liquidity constraints when access to capital markets is not perfect, and the impact of irreversibility and uncertainty in determining aggregate investment spending. Earlier work on manufacturing investment by Bean developed a dynamic error‐correction specification based on the flexible accelerator model. Following Cuthbertson and Gasparro we use multivariate cointegration techniques to discover a parsimonious dynamic model, which can explain the investment experience of the ICC sector in the 1980s and early 1990s. Our results show that a model based on investment and output alone does not cointegrate, and a short‐run dynamic model of these variables suffers from heteroscedasticity. This may be consistent with the idea that increased (uncontrolled for) uncertainty has led to increased volatility in investment. The possibility that movements in the real price of gold reflect uncertainty in financial and other traded commodity markets is explored. Investigation of this more general model indicates that real profits and the real price of gold can enhance the explanation of investment spending by the ICC sector. 相似文献
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Carly Moulang 《Accounting & Finance》2015,55(2):519-544
Individual creativity is essential to an organisation's ability to innovate (Amabile, 1988, 1996), and potentially, management control systems could be used to enhance or constrain this creativity in organisations (Amabile, 1988; Davila et al., 2009). The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of how interactive performance measurement system (IPMS) use is implicated in the generation of individual creativity. A conceptual framework linking IPMS use to creativity is developed, incorporating psychological empowerment as an intervening variable. The results of a survey of middle‐level managers confirm that IPMS use impacts on creativity through the psychological construct of psychological empowerment. 相似文献
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Kitty G. Dickerson 《Family and consumer sciences research journal / American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences》1982,10(3):241-252
In the current controversy over limitation of imported apparel products into the U.S., con sumers have had little opportunity to be heard. This study sought to determine consumers' views of imported versus U.S.-produced apparel, to determine the product qualities which influence the consumer to buy one over the other and to examine consumer views toward imported apparel in relation to various purchasing practices and demographic variables. A structured telephone interview schedule was used by trained callers in a survey of 408 con sumers chosen randomly from telephone directories in 10 selected areas of the Eastern U.S. In general, consumers did not appear indifferent or apathetic to the issue of whether the apparel they buy has been produced in the U.S. or another country. A majority of the consumers took notice of whether clothing was imported and preferred to have domestically produced apparel, primarily because they perceived garments produced in other countries as being of poorer quality. A summary of the relationships between consumers' views toward imported apparel and some of the demographic variables and purchasing practices of the respondents indicated that in many ways concern over imported apparel appears to be a middle-socioeconomic class phenomenon. 相似文献
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William Walstad Carly Urban Carlos J. Asarta Elizabeth Breitbach William Bosshardt Julie Heath 《The Journal of economic education》2017,48(2):93-112
This review discusses the heterogeneity in the effectiveness of financial education programs that occurs because of the unique conditions for programs and methods to evaluate them. The authors define six groups served by financial education: children, youth, college students and young adults, working adults, military personnel, and low-income consumers. They then discuss research and evaluation literature for each group with a critical eye on program purpose, content, and evaluation. They also present findings affecting multiple groups on four issues: student loans, homeownership, retirement planning, and financial advising. The accumulated evidence on the effectiveness of financial education is positive, although the results are nuanced and sometimes limited. The authors argue that understanding this broad landscape in studying financial education is critical for future research and evaluation. 相似文献
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Based on 155 completed surveys from hospitality management alumni from three mid-Atlantic 4-year programs, this study suggests that a realistic preview of the industry gained in an experiential learning component may not, alone, be the key to early career satisfaction. While graduates reportedly believe they understand the expectations of the industry, they are expressing dissatisfaction in their first career positions. For human resource professionals, this study would indicate that special attention should be directed to the first-position college graduate, as 23% of respondents in this study reported leaving the industry altogether after the first management position. 相似文献
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In this paper, we use a multidimensional framework to characterise child poverty in the UK. We examine the interdependencies amongst the different dimensions of multidimensional poverty and the relationship between multidimensional poverty and income poverty. We also explore the links between multidimensional poverty, income poverty and children's cognitive and non‐cognitive development. Our findings suggest that multidimensional poverty identifies many but not all of the same children classified using standard income poverty measures. Approximately 20 per cent of children are classified as poor on one measure but not the other. Children in workless households and ethnic minority children face the highest odds of growing up in both multidimensional poverty and income poverty. We find similar levels of persistence in multidimensional poverty and income poverty, with 17 per cent (18 per cent) of children experiencing persistent multidimensional (income) poverty and 10 per cent of children experiencing both persistent multidimensional poverty and persistent income poverty. Multidimensional poverty (both episodic and persistent) also has a detrimental impact on children's development over and above the negative impact of income poverty. 相似文献
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Dickerson AL 《Employee benefits journal》1995,20(4):10-15
Florida's health insurance reforms for small employers can be viewed as two distinct initiatives: insurance reform and the community health purchasing alliances (CHPAs). While small employer insurance reform legislation appears to have expanded access to coverage, the administrative structure of the CHPA still has a long way to go to capture the confidence of the marketplace. 相似文献